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奇瑞徽银率先冲刺IPO 奇瑞拆分上市路径初现

2017-08-07 18:31:00   中国经济网

汽车金融公司爆发式的业绩增长背后,是汽车金融在酝酿多年后终于迎来春天。中国汽车工业年鉴的数据显示,2006~2015年,中国汽车信贷规模从1,008亿上升至7,281亿,年均复合增长率达24.6%。其中,面向个人的零售贷款业务显著增加,市场份额从2005年的33%攀升至2015年的78%。但7000亿的市场规模远未达到市场顶峰,相关统计表明,2015年我国汽车金融的渗透率提升至35%,欧美发达国家则高达70%。

奇瑞徽银高速发展背后,也和其较早布局有关。招股书披露的信息显示,奇瑞徽银2012年开始把业务扩展至奇瑞品牌以外,截至2016年底,已覆盖奇瑞、开瑞、威麟、瑞麒、奇瑞新能源汽车5个奇瑞品牌,凯翼、观致、奇瑞捷豹路虎3个奇瑞相关品牌,长安、长城、吉利等100多个非奇瑞品牌;2013年5月,推出二手车零售贷款业务。同时,零售汽车贷款业务收入占比超过90%,是公司核心业务。

从2014-2016的短期贷款金额看,非奇瑞品牌的贷款金额分别为67.6亿、69.4亿、50.7亿,奇瑞品牌分别为33.3亿、33.9亿、51.4亿;二手车业务为2亿、8亿和28亿。从数据看,奇瑞徽银很好抓住了个人车贷大发展的良机,而且公司业务已经实现多元化发展,非奇瑞品牌业务早已是公司的主要业务,二手车业务也发展迅猛。

在营业网点的布局上,奇瑞徽银也非常接地气。招股说明书显示,截至2016年底,公司拥有1,343家零售汽车贷款合作商,其中在二、三线及以下城市共拥有1,109家合作商,占全部零售汽车贷款合作商的82.6%。

但招股说明书也显示,奇瑞徽银一直是高负债运营。2014-2016年,奇瑞徽银负债总额分别为147.10亿元、177.79亿元和198.06亿元,资产负债率分别为89.72%、89.36%、88.03%。

此外,奇瑞徽银的不良贷款率在汽车金融公司里也相对较高。2014-2016年,奇瑞徽银的不良贷款率分别为 0.94%、0.91%和 0.63%。2013年至2015年,汽车金融公司行业平均不良贷款率分别为0.45%、0.41%、0.54%。

而且,随着业务发展,奇瑞徽银现金流开始紧张。2014年至2016年,奇瑞徽银经营活动产生的现金流量净额分别为11.91亿元、-1.37亿元和-22.38 亿元。“高负债和现金流为负,充分说明了奇瑞徽银很缺钱,缺钱是其谋求上市的最大动力。但这也会成为其上市审核中的主要障碍。”汽车行业资深分析师,全联车商投资管理(北京)有限公司总裁曹鹤对经济观察报记者表示。

上市融资解资金渴

如果股东施以援手,奇瑞徽银的现金流紧张或许能够缓解。但奇瑞徽银的股东,眼下也是“地主家也没有余粮”的境况。

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