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中海阳倡导新能源互联互通 科技研发推动绿色能源发展
2017-08-07 17:36:18 中国经济网
主持人:现在国内光伏市场的发展过程挺快的,目前来看是挺快的。光伏行业又出现了一个问题,就是弃光限电,您怎么看待这个问题呢?
薛黎明:我们这几年一直在做太阳能发电领域我们做过全球,包括国内的调研,我们感觉有一个相对奇怪,有一种特定的现象,在光照资源很好的地区,太阳光照资源很好的地区,日辐射量,它的经济发展和负荷相对比较低,简单讲,比如中国的大西北地区,西南是西藏,大西北地区的光照资源是最好的,每年年日照时数,每年光照量是最好的。但是大西北在中国整个经济版图中总量是比较小的,供给侧和需求侧差距就出来了。就是我的发电量很大,但是我的需求侧的用电量没有那么大,就是在大西北,我的新能源太阳能发很多电,但是我的负荷没有这么多,而在全球范围来看,非洲的光照资源,沿着赤道是非常好的,但是它的经济是呈反比的。这导致一个问题,供给端和需求端不在同一个地方,需要远距离地去传输,而传输,一个是需要成本,需要建设,需要线路,因为现在还是有线,有一个是无线传送,当然是另一个概念,几千公里的无线传送,现在还没做到,技术还没有发展到这一步。导致西北地区的很多太阳能电站,刚才您讲的弃光限电现象,包括风电,发的量很多,但是需求不够。又没有很好的相对低成本的储存的能力。这样导致了只能去限制。进口很多,出口很少。
主持人:供大于求了。
薛黎明:对,甚至有的时候在某一个时间段是倍数的关系。两倍或者三倍。从电力系统的安全来讲只能弃光限电。这导致后面很多新的技术,比如做一个新能源的很多技术路线能够组合在一起,能够让我们的电力符合电网的需求端的调配。这样逐步逐步让我们电网的进和出慢慢平和起来,这就是供求关系,目前在某一个时间段内,不是很平衡,导致的一个局面。
主持人:您觉得怎么解决这个问题呢?
薛黎明:第一,最主要的可能就是规划,就是我们一定要结合这一片区域的供给需求,这是第一点,让它相对平衡。第二,外送。这个区域,一个省或者一个地区消耗不了,我们就按照我们国家电网的高压、超高压线路输送出去。第三,技术创新。也是相对来讲更可持续的发展的方向。就把很多新能源的技术方向融合起来,比如太阳能光伏发电,包括一部分风电,包括太阳能光热发电,包括一部分抽水蓄能,就把它自己能够形成一个相当于微电网系统,既可以送出去,也可以保证这里面的储存,根据需求调节我这边的供给。这样不管是从能源的电源的提供方,还是整个的调度方,还是在使用方,整个的循环,相当于能源互联网的概念,这应该是未来能全面解决这个问题的大的趋势和方法。
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