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谁说男教师在农村没希望

2017-08-07 06:02:09   中国青年网

另一方面,从教师这个职业本身来说,在女性普遍参加劳动,即社会化以来,她是非常适合女性身心特点的:以脑力劳动为主,有正常双休日(高中除外),且有寒、暑假两个长假。因此,对女性而言,既能胜任这项工作,同时也便于照顾孩子和家庭。再者,教育职能部门在招聘教师时,按照《劳动法》规定,不得歧视女性或提高对女性的录用标准,一般是以应聘者的分数从高到低录用的。而女性报考者本身数量就比较多,考出高分的也多,自然最终录用的女性就很多。

第二,从工资待遇来说,《职业光环黯淡 男教师逃离农村》一文中,作者提到农村教师的工资待遇低,都没有务工农民的收入高。这也是事实。但是,城市教师工资就高很多吗?据我了解,我所在的湖北省域副中心城市襄阳,这里的城市教师工资与农村教师工资相差也不大。为什么城市一些男青年愿意做教师呢?其实这背后暗藏着一个家庭养育的成本问题。对于城市青年男教师来说,他们的原生家庭一般就在城市,其父母一般都是有工资的,年老后有退休金做生活保障,有的父母的工资或退休金远远高于儿子,因而,城市男教师在养育家庭的成本上是很小的。首先,他们不需要在经济上赡养父母;再者,有些父母可能还会帮助儿子养育第三代;还有,城市家庭的父母在儿子成家之前已经为儿子准备好了房子,而房子是一个人一生中最大的投资。相比之下,农村青年选择教师职业后,不仅要养育自己的小家庭(核心家庭),而且还面临着自己买房子和未来赡养父母的义务。因此,同样的年龄选择同样的职业,城市青年相对轻松,而农村青年可能就身背沉重的包袱。这些也说明,农村男教师少不仅是“农村教师工资低”这么简单的一个问题了。

第三,农村学校男教师数量少,还有一个客观原因,那就是,在当今城市化进程中,农村大量青壮年进城务工,农村整体上出现了“空心化”,农村户籍人口尽管还比较庞大,但常住人口很少。加上30余年来的计划生育政策,让农村学龄儿童、青少年数量也大大减少。在人们的潜意识中,人多的地方显得很有生机与活力,这可能就是城市的魅力所在;人少的地方给人的感觉很萧条,这也导致了一些青年大学生仿佛在农村看不到什么希望。为了现实的经济利益,也为了所谓的“希望”,一些青年不愿选择做农村教师,也就在所难免了。

现实的挑战客观存在,但挑战与机遇往往也是相伴相随的。或者说,越是在职业“低谷”的时候,其反弹力就越大,希望也越大。我认为,从长远看,男青年选择做农村教师是很有希望的。

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