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IS头目巴格达迪到底死了没?现在又有了新的说法……

2017-07-13 08:28:55   

阿布卡迈勒与加伊姆位置示意图。(地图来源:国家测绘地理信息局“天地图”在线地图)

巴格达迪迄今唯一一次公开露面是在2014年,当时他在摩苏尔老城的努里清真寺宣布“建国”。这一清真寺已于上月被“伊斯兰国”武装分子亲手炸毁。

巴格达迪最近一次“现声”是在去年11月摩苏尔战役刚刚打响之时,他当时在一段录音中号召武装分子不要撤退,死守摩苏尔。但此后他音信皆无,再无任何消息。

已失去“封王”合法性

哈希米说,“伊斯兰国”高层信息沟通仅限于一个非常私密的小圈子,知道巴格达迪行踪的人屈指可数,这给情报搜集工作带来极大困难。不过,巴格达迪的多名亲信被目击出现在叙利亚阿布卡迈勒和代尔祖尔省迈亚丁。因此情报人员怀疑,巴格达迪可能藏身或者到过这些地点。

哈希米分析,“第三首都”地形险恶,人烟稀少,部族力量薄弱,是理想的藏身场所。此外,根据“伊斯兰国”教义,头领必须有地可守,才可“自封为王”。随着“伊斯兰国”在叙利亚和伊拉克的地盘大幅缩水,巴格达迪在那里已经失去“封王”的合法性。

“鬼影”巴格达迪和他的恐怖“王国”

巴格达迪1971年出生于伊拉克的萨迈拉,曾经就读于阿宰米耶伊斯兰学大学,获伊斯兰学硕士学位和博士学位。

2003年美国入侵伊拉克后,巴格达迪还是一名伊斯兰教学者,战争期间,巴格达迪在伊拉克东部成立一支武装组织,但一直默默无闻。

2004年,巴格达迪被美军抓获,并被关在伊拉克南部的“布卡营”,在那里,巴格达迪结识了多名基地组织的重要人物。由于巴格达迪能帮助美军处理各类派别纷争,维持监狱稳定,获得美军“尊重”,而他此时借此机会组建了后来的“伊斯兰国”。2004年12月,被美军拘留的巴格达迪因没有审查出他有犯罪前科,被“无条件释放”。

2010年,“基地”组织几名重要人物相继被击毙,声望渐增的巴格达迪开始掌权。后因向叙利亚反政府武装“救国阵线”宣战,巴格达迪与扎瓦赫里产生矛盾,并最终脱离“基地”。在脱离“基地”组织后,巴格达迪摇身一变成为扎瓦赫里的对头,开始从也门和索马里等国“基地”组织分支中吸收成员,一步步蚕食“基地”力量。巴格达迪的支持者认为,由于与本-拉登目标一致——寻求建立一个“伊斯兰国”。巴格达迪被冠以“新本-拉登”称号。

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