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恐怖魔头走向末日 “伊斯兰国”承认巴格达迪死亡

2017-07-12 07:39:28   北京晨报

“伊斯兰国”承认最高头目死讯

伊拉克媒体11日报道,极端组织“伊斯兰国”已经承认其最高头目阿布·贝克尔·巴格达迪死亡,并称该组织将在不久之后产生新头目。伊拉克苏马里亚电视台网站报道说,“伊斯兰国”通过其设在摩苏尔以西泰勒阿费尔的媒体机构发布简短声明,证实巴格达迪已经死亡,但是声明并没提供关于巴格达迪如何死亡的细节。本月10日,伊拉克总理阿巴迪在摩苏尔宣布,“伊斯兰国”在摩苏尔的统治被彻底推翻,这座城市当天全面解放。

大学期间追随圣战派

1971年7月,巴格达迪出生在位于伊拉克首都巴格达以北大约120公里的伊拉克古城萨迈拉。

在邻居们的印象中,少年时代的巴格达迪性格内向、少言寡语,即使开口说话,也轻声细语。

1996年,巴格达迪从伊拉克巴格达大学伊斯兰教教法学院毕业,然后进入伊拉克伊斯兰大学攻读诵经学硕士,这也是他最喜欢的专业。

伊拉克研究极端主义与恐怖问题的专家希沙姆·哈希米说,正是在校期间,经过叔叔、同校任教的老师伊斯梅尔·巴德里的介绍,巴格达迪加入了穆斯林兄弟会。

这个当地穆兄会团体以和平的萨拉菲派成员为主,他们虽然希望在国内实施伊斯兰教教法,但并不主张通过反抗和叛乱活动达到目的。

然而,这个团体中也有极少数成员思想极端,指责当权者背叛了信仰,坚持要推翻政府。这个小群体自称萨拉菲圣战派。

巴格达迪很快成为萨拉菲圣战派的追随者。他对穆兄会的主流派别越来越反感,认为这些人“空话连篇”。

在美军监狱设计“伊斯兰国”

2003年美军入侵伊拉克后,巴格达迪参与组建叛乱组织,并在伊拉克北部和中部与美军及伊拉克政府军作战。一年后,他在费卢杰探访一名被美军通缉的朋友时被捕,并被转移关押到位于伊拉克南部的美军布卡营地监狱。

巴格达迪在这里被关押了10个月。外界认为,巴格达迪就是在这段时间创立了“伊斯兰国”的极端意识形态并将其散播开来。可以说,他是在美军监狱设计了“伊斯兰国”。

在监狱的10个月里,巴格达迪不断按照自己的理解在囚犯中传播教义,每天按时率领囚犯们祈祷,每周五还会给囚犯们讲经布道。

当时这个监狱共关押着2.4万名囚犯,其中多数是曾经在萨达姆政权军队和情报部门工作的逊尼派阿拉伯人。随着萨达姆政权倒台,伊拉克什叶派开始掌权,这些逊尼派人士不仅失势,有的还进了监狱,自然满腔怒火。

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