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巴格达迪是如何走向末日的

2017-07-12 08:07:19   

伊拉克媒体11日报道,极端组织“伊斯兰国”已经承认其最高头目阿布·贝克尔·巴格达迪死亡,并称该组织将在不久之后产生新头目。

伊拉克苏马里亚电视台网站报道说,“伊斯兰国”通过其设在摩苏尔以西泰勒阿费尔的媒体机构发布简短声明,证实巴格达迪已经死亡,但是声明并没提供关于巴格达迪如何死亡的细节。

上月有俄罗斯媒体报道说,巴格达迪可能已在叙利亚死于俄军空袭。但是这一说法没有得到美国和伊拉克方面证实。

伊拉克总理阿巴迪10日在位于摩苏尔前线的反恐部队指挥部宣布,极端组织“伊斯兰国”在摩苏尔的统治已被彻底推翻,这个城市于当天全面解放。

随着摩苏尔的解放,将意味着巴格达迪一手建立的极端组织走向覆灭。

巴格达迪本人的命运和“伊斯兰国”捆绑在一起。作为继本·拉丹之后最为臭名昭著的恐怖组织头目,巴格达迪的死亡,无疑是全球反恐的一个重大胜利,对大势已去的“伊斯兰国”将造成沉重打击。

追随圣战派,迈出成为恐怖魔头第一步

1971年7月,巴格达迪出生在位于伊拉克首都巴格达以北大约120公里的伊拉克古城萨迈拉。

在邻居们的印象中,少年时代的巴格达迪性格内向、少言寡语,即使开口说话,也轻声细语。

1996年,巴格达迪从伊拉克巴格达大学伊斯兰教教法学院毕业,然后进入伊拉克伊斯兰大学攻读诵经学硕士,这也是他最喜欢的专业。

伊拉克研究极端主义与恐怖问题的专家希沙姆·哈希米说,正是在校期间,经过叔叔、同校任教的老师伊斯梅尔·巴德里的介绍,巴格达迪加入了穆斯林兄弟会。

这个当地穆兄会团体以和平的萨拉菲派成员为主,他们虽然希望在国内实施伊斯兰教教法,但并不主张通过反抗和叛乱活动达到目的。

然而,这个团体中也有极少数成员思想极端,指责当权者背叛了信仰,坚持要推翻政府。这个小群体自称萨拉菲圣战派。

巴格达迪很快成为萨拉菲圣战派的追随者。他对穆兄会的主流派别越来越反感,认为这些人“空话连篇”。

传播极端思想,在美军监狱设计“伊斯兰国”

2003年美军入侵伊拉克后,巴格达迪参与组建叛乱组织,并在伊拉克北部和中部与美军及伊拉克政府军作战。一年后,他在费卢杰探访一名被美军通缉的朋友时被捕,并被转移关押到位于伊拉克南部的美军布卡营地监狱。

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