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“战神”从这里走向战场 ——走进中国白城兵器试验中心

2017-06-02 17:00:19   解放军报

极限大考,让火炮适应各种战场环境

在距火炮综合试验工房不远的地方,记者看到一座造型别致的八角楼建筑物,这就是被称为亚洲最大的重武器环境模拟试验室。

我国幅员辽阔,纬度跨度大,气候类型多样,像雨雪风沙、盐雾湿热这样的气候条件,火炮在不同战场都能遇到,这就要求火炮在试验鉴定阶段,要提前经受极限大考。

“环境试验是兵器试验中心的一个亮点。”高级工程师张继华对记者说,以前做一次高低温试验周期至少1年,而现在,如果试验数据采集不准确,可以在环境模拟室反复进行试验,直到成功录入各种数据,真正做到了“四季集一室,一日度春秋”。

记者走进如同迷宫般的环境模拟中心,在一个试验室门口,恰好碰见刚刚完成某型火炮低温存贮试验的火炮试射连四级军士长韩露,他正费力地脱下厚重的棉服。韩露告诉记者:“零下50℃,穿现有棉服,几分钟就能冻透,那种从骨头里透着的凉,让你根本感觉不到还穿着衣服。”休息一段时间,韩露又换上了一身稍薄的棉服,进入另一间湿热试验室。60℃的高温,还穿着厚重的棉服,这让记者有些不解。站在记者一旁的高级工程师李宏伟解释说:“60℃的湿热高温,让人有一种脸和耳朵被蒸熟的感觉,穿棉服主要是为了隔热,延长在里面的工作时间。”

“60℃的桑拿房为什么没有这种被蒸熟的感觉?”谈起高温,记者开起了玩笑。李宏伟笑着回答:“那是因为桑拿房和湿热试验的空气湿度不一样,湿热试验中空气湿度基本上是处于饱和状态。”这一冷一热也许外人感受并不深刻,但其中的“难受度”,唯有参试官兵才能真正知晓。

贴近实战,确保上战场不“撂挑子”

什么样的火炮让官兵心里有底?火炮试验站站长纪钟华风趣地回答:“上战场不‘撂挑子’。”

武器装备试验鉴定只有经历实战化考核,才能发现更深层次的缺陷。火炮的技战术指标能否在近似实战条件下达标,是影响其作战效能发挥的重要因素,也是火炮进行试验鉴定的重要一环。

就好比不同种类的汽车,有的适合在平地行驶,有的却适合在山地沙漠。而我们的火炮无论在何种恶劣条件下,既要打得响,更要打得准。要做到在各种条件下达标并不是一件容易事,试验中,参试人员发现一个问题,就解决一个问题,有时为解决一个问题可能需要几个月的时间。

火炮室工程师李元至今还记得,那年某新型火炮在设计定型试验中,出现弹药卡膛的问题,为了解决这个问题,他和战友们连续加班2个月,对该型火炮零部件逐一进行测算,最终发现问题原因是火炮个别部件设计不合理,引起弹药运动过程中的磕碰。为此,他们建议工厂对火炮部件重新设计,最后问题得到顺利解决。

今年4月,一场某新型火炮动对动试验如期进行。指挥室里, “靶车启动”“战车启动”“战车可以射击”等口令此起彼伏;大屏幕上,只见上士射手杨小波熟练地操作火控系统,在移动靶车进入射击区域3秒后锁定目标,沉着发射,瞬间将2公里外移动的靶车击中。

试验间隙,射手杨小波告诉记者:“现在试验有实战味,不仅考核了火炮,也考核了射手心理素质,我就怕因为自己能力水平不足影响试验进程。”

采访结束,看着试验人员忙碌的身影,记者心中不免感叹:火炮想要拿到一份合格的“准生证”并非易事,我们对火炮的“体检”越严格,战场打赢就越有保障。

(原标题:“战神”从这里走向战场——走进中国白城兵器试验中心)

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