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“永远把国家放在第一位”——记“歼八之父”顾诵芬

2017-06-02 10:02:50   

从此,顾诵芬就和飞机结下了不解之缘。“我父亲是一个很开明的人,对我的兴趣爱好并没有多加干涉,只是告诉我不管做任何事,都要认认真真地把事情做好,这对我影响很大。”顾诵芬说。报考大学时,他毫不犹豫地选择了航空系。

“当时我被清华大学、浙江大学和上海交大同时录取,都是航空系。因为我是家里唯一的男孩,母亲舍不得我远赴外地求学,我就选择了上海交大。”上了大学,顾诵芬开始正式接触到航空技术理论,他的航空生涯拉开了序幕。

  排除万难 战鹰出世

1951年,顾诵芬大学毕业后,分配到沈阳的航空工业局。在中央“向科学进军”的号召下,1956年8月份,我国第一家飞机设计室在沈阳成立。顾诵芬得到了梦寐以求的设计飞机的机会。

虽然有了飞机设计室,但严酷的现实摆在眼前:设计室只有100多人,且多半是中专毕业生,相关资料和设备极其缺乏,办公场所也异常简陋,整个设计室只有临时挤出的几间办公室。

这些困难没有吓退顾诵芬,他和一群年轻人一道,在设计室主任徐舜寿和副主任黄志千的带领下,开始研制歼教1教练机。

“当时我压力挺大的,这是个难题。我之前没接触过喷气式飞机设计,只能到北航图书馆去查阅资料。”顾诵芬说,“当时的北航门前还是土路,没有公交车,只能每天晚上骑自行车去,买了硫酸纸把重要的图描下来带回去。既没经验,又没有得心应手的资料,只有少数几本参考书,只能硬着头皮干。”为了解决设备匮乏问题,设计室的同志们想了不少土办法。顾诵芬说:“同事们每天晚上都去医院捡废针头,把它们焊接到铜管上,当作实验设备。”

在这样艰苦的条件下,设计室硬是干出了成绩。1958年,歼教1试飞成功。这是我国第一架自主设计的喷气式教练机。但好景不长,由于“大跃进”愈演愈烈,对航空工业造成冲击,歼教1很快下马了。虽然歼教1昙花一现,但顾诵芬的内心受到极大鼓舞。

20世纪60年代,研制歼8飞机的工作如火如荼地开展起来,顾诵芬被任命为副总设计师。当时设计室走廊里经常贴满了批判他的大字报。谈到这段经历,顾诵芬淡然一笑:“我当时的情况就是‘匍匐前进’,一边‘挨揍’一边往前走。我对于批判已经‘皮实’了,我想就算‘连滚带爬’也要把飞机搞出个样子。”

就这样,顾诵芬白天参与设计,晚上在住所拼命阅读相关材料。经过艰苦卓绝的努力,1969年,歼8首飞成功。还没来得及享受成功的喜悦,顾诵芬就陷入了新的思考。原来,据试飞员反映,飞机在跨声速飞行时存在严重的抖震。为了搞清楚问题所在,顾诵芬不顾危险和他人劝阻,三次乘坐教练机紧随歼8飞行,用望远镜观察情况。两机距离最近时只有十几米,顾诵芬不顾巨大的风险,最终发现了问题所在,并通过改进使问题顺利解决,歼8最终定型。

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