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解码国产大飞机:​层层试验多重审定 安全永远第一位

2017-05-11 08:22:55   央视网

我们现在将这其中常用的112种零件单独取出来,这些大大小小的螺栓,有的材质不一样,大小也不一样,用到的地方也不一样,但是其中有很多非常相像,比如我手里这两根,这两根螺栓看上去非常一致,但实际上左手这根比右手这根要粗上0.04个毫米,这相当于只有一根头发丝直径的一半,但是就这点差别,这两根螺栓也万万不能弄混,否则就会影响到整架飞机的安全。

​央视记者赵中良:想要保证一架飞机的安全,除了在制造上落实高标准之外,还需要它的体系高可靠。驾驶员在驾驶舱内进行任何一个简单的操作,其实背后都需要飞机内的多套系统进行非常默契的协调配合。C919就将这些系统单独剥离出来,形成了一个非常特殊的地面实验装置。也就是我现在所在的这间国家级重点实验室。

这个长相酷似一架真正大飞机的家伙,叫做铁鸟试验台,它单独将C919的飞控系统、液压系统、起落架系统剥离出来,并且形成了一个特殊的地面实验装置。在这上面,几乎囊括了C919起飞、飞行和降落期间所需要的一切机械操作,经过成千上万小时的实验,以及对各种各样不同工况的模拟,C919才有信心飞上蓝天。

​央视记者赵中良:说一架飞机到底安不安全,最终还是要看一场非常特别的考试。这就是现代民航体系当中的适航审定。一架飞机从研制开始到最后飞上航线,都要经过适航审定的考验。在我们国家有一款飞机已经完成了这项考试,这就是C919的哥哥ARJ21支线喷气式客机。

​在我旁边这些档案柜里就储存着ARJ21的适航审定文件,这是由民航局适航司和美国FAA航空航天管理局共同完成的,其中美方是完成影子审查,我旁边这个档案盒里就装有其中一份文件,我们来看看,这份文件的第一页,就有各个岗位的签名,这份签名不仅有据可查,同时也是终身负责制的,而像这样的文件,ARJ21适航审定的过程中签署有86000多页,如果将这些都变成A4纸铺起来,最终的面积可以将近铺满两个足球场。那么将来我们的C919大型客机也同样要一丝不苟完成这些考试,才能最终飞上航线。

(原标题:解码国产大飞机:​层层试验多重审定 安全永远第一位)

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