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血荒江湖:血贩子招人一年能赚四五十万

2016-04-26 09:40:55   中国经济周刊

置换一只膝关节,需要为患者准备200cc备用血,李惠泽两个关节都需要置换,要准备400cc。平时,对于每天要实施15台左右此类手术的骨关节科来说,这点血并不算什么。

然而,现在一个月内,科室内大大小小的手术已经停了一百多台。“很多情况都是第二天要做手术,血库通知我们没有血。”北京大学人民医院骨关节科主任医师林剑浩叹了口气,颇为无奈地告诉《中国新闻周刊》,“这种日子太熬人。”

最能感受到这种紧张气氛的要数科室的住院总医师刘强了。27岁的刘强,是科里的“大管家”,从病人会诊到安排手术,科内大大小小的事都要经过他的手。

早上9点钟,刘强就开始安排下一期的手术。他对此并不陌生。以往,他只要根据病人的病情、手术室排班以及主治医生的时间安排就可以,如今,这却变成了件“烧脑”的事情:需要衡量每台手术的用血量,尽量把不需要用血的手术往前排。

10点钟左右,刘强将下批14台手术的配血申请信息发送到血库,等待12点钟血库的信息反馈。“最惨的时候,所有的配血申请都被血库打了回来,有二十多台。”刘强告诉《中国新闻周刊》,当时,不仅骨关节科,全院几乎所有要用到O型血的手术都被暂停了。

刘强甚至专门去了一趟医院血库,希望血库能够考虑病人病情紧急的情况,多调点血来。结果沟通了半天,只带回来一句话,“O型血的病人,尽量不要收。”

在刘强的桌子上,放着一沓住院单,每张纸条的左上角都标注着病人的血型。这是医院为缓解用血紧张所想的办法——根据血型来选择病人入院。“这两天O型血不紧张了,血库又说不要收B型血的病人。”刘强有点无奈,但还是挨个打电话通知病人暂时不要来住院。“来住院也是干等着,还不如在家里待着。”

血库人员也有自己的委屈:现在献血的人少了,分配到医院的血也少了很多!

也会遇到不好打交道的患者。“不少患者家属冲着我们嚷嚷,非要马上做手术,谈不拢就要去找我们主任,可找主任也没有血啊。”北京大学人民医院的一位护士向《中国新闻周刊》抱怨,“头都大了两轮。”

用血告急的状况,如同瘟疫一样,迅速席卷了全国各地。河南、山东、江苏、安徽等多地血库库存量已在警戒线之下,有患者一个月内手术被推迟了6次。医生们对这种春节后的紧张情形,已经习以为常。

在北医三院肝脏外科,几乎每个星期都有一两次肝脏切除手术因为缺血而停掉。“这种状况持续了很多年,没有血,手术只能拖着,或者就是家属去互助献血。”北医三院普通外科主任医师修典荣告诉《中国新闻周刊》。

而在位于河北燕郊的燕达陆道培医院里,几乎所有的用血都是靠互助献血来实现。“每天医院公共的血小板最多只有10个,却有三百多个病人在排队。”燕达医院陆道培血液肿瘤中心副主任医师张弦告诉《中国新闻周刊》。

饮鸩止渴的互助献血

李婷(化名)讨厌红色,她想要把红色从世界中剔除。不穿红色的衣服,不染红色的指甲,甚至放弃了最爱的红褐色的可乐。然而,她的生存又需要靠红色维系着。

李婷今年19岁,是一个重型再障性贫血的患者。这是一种因骨髓造血功能衰竭,导致血细胞减少的疾病。李婷血红蛋白水平不到正常人的一半,每10天左右,她就需要输一次红细胞。

责任编辑:周晶晶 CN032、柯旺 CN044
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