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我国将全面推广车用乙醇汽油 相关产业迎来爆发

2017-09-13 14:31:26   中国经济网

国家能源局有关负责人表示,在此背景下,国家发展改革委、国家能源局会同财政、农业、粮食等部门组织力量进行了反复研究论证,认为当前的确具备扩大生物燃料乙醇生产和推广使用车用乙醇汽油的时机和条件。

一是转型有需要。相比光伏、风电、水电等可再生能源而言,我国可再生液体燃料发展则明显滞后,2016年实际消费量仅约300万吨,不到全国成品油消费的1%,已成为当前能源转型的突出短板,亟待加快发展。

二是原料有保障。据有关权威机构测算,我国每年产生的超期超标等粮食可支撑一定规模的生物燃料乙醇生产。此外,国际市场玉米和木薯年贸易量达1.7亿吨,5%即可转化生物燃料乙醇近300万吨。国内每年可利用的秸秆和林业废弃物超过4亿吨,30%即可生产生物燃料乙醇2000万吨。

三是产业有基础。我国生物燃料乙醇产业经过十多年发展,以玉米、木薯等为原料的1代和1.5代生产技术工艺成熟稳定,以秸秆等农林废弃物为原料的2代先进生物燃料技术已具备产业化示范条件。行业整体技术装备水平居于世界先进国家行列,同时培养和储备了一大批专业技术人才。此外,国内车用乙醇汽油试点推广也积累了丰富的实践经验,形成了适合国情、可以复制的发展模式,为进一步推广使用车用乙醇汽油奠定了坚实基础。

车用乙醇汽油试点取得预期效果

我国生物燃料乙醇产业发展始于“十五”初期,2001年为了解决大量“陈化粮”处理问题,改善大气及生态环境质量,调整能源结构,经国务院同意,启动了生物燃料乙醇试点。

从“十一五”起,根据形势变化暂停了粮食燃料乙醇发展,陆续在广西、内蒙古、山东等地建成多个非粮燃料乙醇示范项目或产业化装置。截至目前,我国生物燃料乙醇年消费量近260万吨,产业规模居世界第三位。全国已有11个省区全境试点推广乙醇汽油,乙醇汽油消费量已占同期全国汽油消费总量的1/5。

“总体上看,我国车用乙醇汽油试点工作取得了预期效果,形成了以‘核准生产、定向流通、封闭推广’为特征,符合国情和历史发展阶段、行之有效的中国可再生燃料推广模式。”上述负责人说。

但是,我国车用乙醇汽油试点推广的有关政策主要形成于本世纪初期,既有的经验做法已不能完全适应形势变化。为了进一步推动产业发展,《方案》提出建立国家生物液体燃料推广工作协调机制,成立国家生物液体燃料推广工作领导小组,统筹协调扩大生物燃料乙醇生产和推广使用车用乙醇汽油工作。

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