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十五部委将推广车用乙醇汽油 2020年汽车将“喝酒精”

2017-09-13 06:41:22   央广网

央广网北京9月13日消息(记者柴华)据中国之声《新闻纵横》报道,开车加油是人们日常出行中必不可少的环节。大家都知道,喝点酒开车上路,那叫酒驾,是交规严禁的危险驾驶行为。但是,您的爱车要喝点酒精上了路,那就叫环保,是国家鼓励和推广的清洁能源出行方案之一。

近日,国家发展改革委、国家能源局、财政部等十五部门联合印发了《关于扩大生物燃料乙醇生产和推广使用车用乙醇汽油的实施方案》。根据方案,到2020年,全国范围内将基本实现车用乙醇汽油全覆盖。到2025年,力争纤维素乙醇实现规模化生产,先进生物液体燃料技术、装备和产业整体达到国际领先水平,形成更加完善的市场化运行机制。

将燃料乙醇以一定比例添加到汽油中,形成车用乙醇汽油。这种汽油可有效减少汽车尾气中的碳排放、细颗粒物排放以及其他有害物质的污染,根据十五部委的联合《实施方案》,我国将全面推广E10乙醇汽油,也就是在汽油调合组分油中加入10%的变性燃料乙醇调合而成的环保汽油。

其实,燃料乙醇产业15年前就在我国应运而生。说白了,它曾经是咱们消化多余玉米的重要手段之一。用超期超标的玉米、废物秸秆等作为原料,产生清洁的汽油,帮助解决目前困扰很多人的雾霾等问题,这就是十五部委日前发布的《实施方案》的基本逻辑。

根据国家发改委《可再生能源中长期发展规划》给出的目标,到2020年我国生物燃料乙醇的年利用量将达到1000万吨。而按照《实施方案》操作,到2020年,乙醇汽油的使用就将基本覆盖全国。全面推广燃料乙醇和它调和出的乙醇汽油将如何改变我们的生活呢?

还没有进入秋天烧秸秆的日子,冬天传统的燃煤季节更是还远,然而挥不去的雾霾却已经间歇性地笼罩京津冀地区。从这个角度讲,生物燃料乙醇和乙醇汽油的推广势在必行。中国国际工程咨询公司石化轻纺部副主任乐有华表示,乙醇汽油的使用对于环境的友好是全面的。

乐有华:总的来说以玉米为原料的燃料乙醇,大的结果就是全生命周期里大概一吨乙醇可以减排34%,如果2025年纤维素乙醇商业化运行并得到快速发展,那么这个环保效益就更加明显了,可以达到75%以上。特别是作为纤维素乙醇这个产业,应该说可以有效解决我们这个秸秆焚烧污染大气的问题。

新世纪以来,能源安全和环境问题日益成为制约可持续发展的焦点问题,生物燃料乙醇因为它的可再生、环境友好、技术成熟、使用方便、易于推广等综合优势,成为替代化石燃料的理想汽油组分,在很多国家得到推广,生产消费规模也在全球范围内快速增长,从2005年的3628万吨,增加到2016年的7915万吨。

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