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QDII产品业绩“半江瑟瑟半江红” 自身产品特性复杂

2017-09-07 07:02:03   中国经济网

放到时间轴上纵向看,QDII基金分化态势更为明显。第三方研究机构金斧子投研中心统计显示,2008年国际金融危机爆发,国内投资者对QDII基金的热情大降,仅发行了5只QDII基金,总募集份额50.53亿份。在2009年,QDII基金发行更是“交了白卷”。从2010年开始,随着海外市场回暖,QDII基金的发行数量和规模逐年上升,但风光不再,募集规模大多在5亿份至10亿份之间,反映出投资者的信心有待提升。

“长期看,QDII基金的业绩随国际市场波动情况较多,能源类QDII是这类基金业绩分化的代表。”国元证券研究员冯迪昉表示,2013年开始因抄底油价的资金和套利资金涌入,导致能源、资源类QDII规模大增。但是好景不长,自2014年下半年开始,国际原油市场陷入“大熊市”,油价大跌,国内3只石油和天然气QDII同样损失惨重。进入2015年,QDII基金整体飘红,但业绩分化较为明显,其中不动产、黄金、油气等3类QDII基金表现不错,但是后期又出现回调。

金斧子创始人张开兴认为,总体上QDII基金的业绩稳定性不如国内的债券基金和货币基金,尽管有些产品取得了不错的收益,但在投资者认可度方面远不如国内同类权益产品。

自身产品特性复杂

QDII基金的业绩分化和认可度低,根源在于自身产品特性。“QDII实际上不是一类基金,而是各类型‘出海’基金的大集合。如果细分起来QDII的投资标的五花八门,投资市场也千差万别。”格上研究中心分析师杨晓晴说。

中国证券投资基金业协会统计显示,截至今年7月底,全部QDII基金净值合计为951.84亿元,占全部基金资产规模的比例仅为0.89%。尽管规模占比很小,但目前市场上的QDII基金既有跟踪指数表现的被动型产品,也有依赖于基金经理的主动型产品。

海通证券将QDII基金分成7大类。第一类是成熟市场组,包括纳斯达克指数、标普500指数和医疗行业指数;第二类是新兴市场组,包括恒生指数、金砖四国指数、亚洲(除日本)指数和恒生红筹指数;第三类是资源组,包括能源行业指数、原材料行业指数;第四类是地产相关组,包括美国REITs指数等;第五类是奢侈品相关组,包括道琼斯奢侈品指数;第六类是逆周期组,包括美国债券指数等;第七类是避险组,包括黄金现货,商品基金等。

海通证券基金首席分析师单开佳表示,按照指数标准分类将QDII分成7类看似很多,事实上这些QDII基金子类别之间的差异较大,每个子类别的整体收益都具有足够的独立性。从经济意义上看,新兴市场组代表了全球工业产成品市场,即“世界工厂”,其受到终端需求和库存的影响,容易产生同频共振;成熟市场组以美国市场指数为主,除常见的纳指和标普500指数外,还包含了医疗行业指数,代表了全球的终端需求;资源组以能源提供商和工业原料加工商为主,代表全球市场的上游行业。

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