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苹果首被举报垄断 或因强制下架大量APP及30%提成

2017-08-10 15:00:08   中国网

近年苹果公司多次遭处罚

新京报记者梳理发现,近年来苹果公司数次遭到处罚。据意大利媒体报道,2012年,意大利竞争管理机构要求对涉嫌违反消费者权益保护法的苹果公司罚款120万美元。2015年6月,台湾有关部门裁定,苹果公司干预运营商iPhone定价的行为违反了反垄断法,因此对苹果处以2000万新台币(约合65万美元)的罚款。

国家发改委也多次涉及对跨国公司反垄断方面的调查。2016年12月,国家发改委依法对美国美敦力(上海)管理有限公司的价格垄断行为作出行政处罚,罚款1.185亿元。

2015年,国家发改委对美国高通公司滥用市场支配地位实施排除、限制竞争的垄断行为依法作出处理,责令高通公司停止相关违法行为,并处以其2013年度在我国市场销售额8%的罚款,计60.88亿元。

观点:苹果被判垄断的可能性不大

在举报函中,举报方提出了“对苹果立案调查”、“责令停止违法行为”、“行政处罚”三项举报请求。

“如果要求苹果改变现有的封闭生态是难以想象的。”针对这一举报,独立IT分析师唐欣认为,官方判定苹果应用商店存在垄断将将触及苹果应用生态的核心,“如果这样,苹果可能会宁可关闭中国应用市场也不会改变现有生态。”他表示,苹果对开发者的政策是全球统一的,面对开发者数量众多且十分活跃的中国市场,相对于美国本土话语权仍然处于弱势。

除了举报函中的诉求,林蔚还表示,苹果公司应就App Store在中国的服务设立中国实体,以满足中国法律的监管要求,和经营者及消费者的需求。此外,苹果公司应当就其收取30%的提成说明定价的合理理由,如果没有合理依据,反垄断执法机构、人民法院可以在相应之救济程序中予以调整降低。

“苹果是否会被官方裁定为垄断,这不仅是一个商业问题。”唐欣指出,苹果在中国市场如果被认定为垄断,这无异于是中国官方对苹果的封杀,可能性并不大,结果更可能是推动苹果和开发商的沟通和磨合。

对于像苹果商店这种在中国无企业实体的国外互联网服务提供商,因其业务范围涵盖中国,则中国法律有对其进行监管的权力。此前高通公司曾因专利授权问题,被中国发改委处以9.75亿美元罚款。

值得注意的是,目前世界上有多起针对苹果手机的反垄断调查,但尚无一起针对苹果反垄断起诉成功案例。

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