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我国煤制乙醇实现产业化应用

2017-08-09 07:13:05   中国经济网

李秋园表示,采用焦炉煤气生产无水乙醇,无论在利用焦炉煤气形成新产品上还是采用其他原料生产无水乙醇,都有明显的价格优势。对于前者来说,焦炉煤气通过化学路径,可以转化为不少产品,可除去生产成本,这些产品的价格优势均不明显。比如,我国有多条以焦炉煤气生产甲醇的生产线,它们的生产成本大概在每吨2000元左右,但销售价格同样在每吨2000元左右,这使得企业没有生产积极性;对于后者来说,目前我国也有不少采用农作物生产无水乙醇的生产线,其中有一些企业采用谷物类粮食发酵法生产无水乙醇,生产成本约为每吨5200元左右。有一些企业则采用木薯发酵法生产无水乙醇,成本也在每吨5000元以上,均比采用焦炉煤气生产无水乙醇高出25%左右。

社会效益经济效益凸显

由于用焦炉煤气生产无水乙醇有着不错的市场前景,因而吸引了许多企业要求参与合作开发。中国酒业协会酒精分会秘书长张国红表示,无水乙醇含氧量高达34.7%,如果汽油中含有10%的乙醇,就能使汽油充分燃烧降低尾气中40%以上的PM2.5以及30%以上的一氧化碳和碳氢化合物,因此欧美等发达国家广泛使用乙醇汽油。美国2016年在90%以上的地区都使用E10乙醇汽油,燃料乙醇产销量达4578万吨;巴西2016年在全境使用乙醇汽油,燃料乙醇产销量达1938万吨,但我国2016年的燃料乙醇产销量仅260万吨。张国红认为,这与我国保障粮食安全和生产成本高企有着直接关系。

业内专家认为,中溶科技全球首套焦炉煤气制无水乙醇项目投产,标志着煤制乙醇新技术完全实现了产业化,这对改变我国燃料结构具有非常重要的现实意义。

我国是世界煤炭第一储量和使用大国,也是世界第一大钢铁生产大国,钢铁生产离不开焦炭。2016年我国焦炭产量为44911万吨,按照1吨焦炭生产430立方米焦炉煤气计算,2016年我国共产焦炉煤气1931.17亿立方米。目前焦炉煤气的使用率仅在70%左右,且大多数是没有深度开发的低端利用,如果将其用于无水乙醇开发,不仅可使产气厂家的售气收益增长三成左右,同时每100万吨炼焦所产焦炉煤气可生产10万吨无水乙醇。这样一来,可以改变我国每年上千万吨粮食生产乙醇的现状。同时,也能使我国60%石油依赖进口的状况得到改观,找到另一条备用途径。这对国家粮食安全、能源安全、生态环境安全和生产企业增收都是利好消息,市场前景十分广阔。(经济日报·中国经济网记者 雷汉发 宋美倩)

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