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从“世界工厂”到“世界市场”:粤港产业融合势头正强劲

2017-08-08 07:10:07   中国经济网

据介绍,香港科技产业以商业化、应用和工业工程为主,形成了多个由本地及外资科技企业组成的集群,目前很多全球知名科技公司在香港营运,华为也在香港设立了科研部门。国家科技部数据显示,2015年,以合同金额计,香港是内地技术进口第十大来源地;以技术进口合同数量计,香港位列第四位,仅次于新加坡、美国和德国。当前,香港科技业者与广东同业关系密切,粤港两地的创新协同趋势已经形成,在医疗器械、可穿戴设备、文化创意等领域的合作空间正在不断拓展,为两地高新技术产品进出口增添动力。据香港方面的统计,2016年,内地分别占香港高科技产品进口的52%及出口的63%。

不仅科技联动日渐紧密,粤港的分工模式也不断细化,推动两地产品贸易规模同步提升。据香港特区政府统计,2016年,60%的转口货物原产地为内地,而54%的出口以内地为目的地,主要表现在电子、珠宝首饰和纺织服装业。以电子业为例,得益于自港输入的电子零部件供应保障,香港及全球电子制造商不断进驻内地,内地电器及电子产品出口持续快速增长,而2016年香港该类商品出口值中,来自内地的出口值所占比重也高达63.2%。以珠宝首饰为例,尽管目前高附加值工序依然在香港进行,但香港生产商已逐渐将制造活动转移到深圳、番禺等地。

值得关注的是,近年来,香港先进的设计理念、生产技术和管理经验以深圳为起点,逐渐向内陆传导,粤港产业合作辐射能力不断增强。海关数据显示,广东以外的内地省市对港贸易占内地对香港贸易的比重,已由1997年的33.5%提升至2016年的38.9%。

贸易便利化水平大大提升

清晨8点,一辆粤港两地牌大货车缓缓驶进南沙保税港区物流区入闸口,随着绿色的“放行”大字出现在LED显示屏上,入闸口的栏杆徐徐升起,车上的电子关锁自动解锁。“这批货是今天凌晨抵达香港机场的,直接装车运来广州南沙,只花了几个小时时间。”货车司机陈师傅介绍。

这种新型物流模式是广州海关在南沙自贸区创新推出的“粤港跨境货栈”模式。据介绍,香港国际机场作为重要的航空物流中心,与“珠三角”地区的物流往来十分频繁。“粤港跨境货栈”的开展,实现了香港机场与南沙保税港区物流园区之间一站式的“空陆联运”,相当于将香港空运货站货物的收发点延伸至广州南沙,大大便利了两地的物流对接。去年至今年5月31日,广州海关已办理“粤港跨境货栈”报关单999票,货值约5819.7万美元。

近年来,粤港海关围绕《粤港合作框架协议》扎实推进各领域合作,推动贸易便利化水平提升,优化粤港营商环境,促进粤港经贸往来,取得了明显成效。

在快速通关对接方面,除了“粤港跨境货栈”模式,同样为粤港两地企业津津乐道的,还有去年粤港海关共同推行的“跨境一锁计划”。该计划实现了内地海关的跨境快速通关模式与香港海关的“多模式联运转运货物便利计划”对接。目前,在港已成功覆盖香港国际机场和葵涌货柜码头等12个主要清关点,在广东涵盖广州和深圳的机场、码头、跨境电商园区等32个清关点。该模式使得车辆在口岸海关停留时间由半小时左右减少至5分钟以内,可为企业节约超过10%的货运成本。

在知识产权保护方面,粤港海关深入开展联合执法行动,重点针对海运、汽运、邮递快件渠道跨境运输侵权货物。据统计,2016年粤港海关共开展4次联合执法行动,行动期间,广东方面共查获侵权货物27.8万余件,严厉打击了知识产权侵权活动,营造了良好的外贸营商环境。(经济日报·中国经济网记者 郑 杨)

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