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塞罕坝机械林场:高寒荒漠如何造林护绿?

2017-08-05 08:34:01   中国经济网

公路两侧在秋季为何要清出5米宽度不留寸草呢?原来是为了防备过往行人随手扔烟头。“森林是我们从祖宗继承来的,要留传给子孙后代,上对得起祖宗,下对得起子孙。”习近平总书记的谆谆教导,让塞罕坝林业人不敢有丝毫懈怠。

“这些树是我父亲他们辛辛苦苦种下的,我要照看好它们。”站在高高的望火楼顶上,47岁的防火瞭望员刘军憨笑着说。

这种望火楼在塞罕坝有9座。最近几年,塞罕坝机械林场升级了防火系统,形成由探火雷达、空中预警、高山瞭望、地面巡护有机结合的监测网络,实现林区监控全覆盖。虽然防火监控系统高度自动化,但人眼仍不可替代,刘军和妻子齐淑艳常年驻守,轮流值班,每隔15分钟要瞭望一次,每昼夜要瞭望96次。

塞罕坝林业人深知,行政有界,防火无界,区外火情一旦失控,自身也将不能幸免。他们与邻近的多伦县、克什克腾旗、御道口牧场以及围场县合作建立了38个联防组织。今年5月8日中午11时31分,克什克腾旗发现火点,塞罕坝机械林场韭菜沟望火楼瞭望员、探火雷达同时报警。几分钟内,靠前驻防的林场扑火队就赶到指定位置,协助地方迅速将火扑灭。

据了解,自2011年以来,塞罕坝机械林场共投入资金1550万元,建立防火物资储备库7个,购置防火运兵车10台,补充了40台高性能风力灭火机。全场建立了14个固定防火检查站、6个临时森林防火检查站,负责给往来车辆、人员作登记,宣传防火知识,检查扣留火种。对火点则实行“打早、打小、打了”。林场组建了7支专业扑火队伍,有专业队员88名。又组建了半专业扑火队11支,有队员220人。扑火队靠前驻防,配有指挥车1台、宣传车1台、运兵车18台、工具运输车7台、水罐消防车3台、摩托化细雾灭火器14台、消防水泵10台、无线对讲头盔88顶,装备了风力灭火机、风水灭火机、油锯、割灌机、水枪、接力水泵等先进灭火工具。专业扑火队实行军事化管理,集中食宿,集中进行体能和技战术训练。在防火紧要期,全场专业扑火队24小时保持临战状态,召之即来,来之能战,战之必胜。

生物病害怎么防治

林区的有害生物防控的原则是,能够森林自控的,不去人为干预;能够小范围控制的,不扩大面积防治;能够采取天敌、物理防治的,不用化学药剂。同时针对不同种类的有害生物,采用不同的防治办法

夏日塞罕坝林区不时有小雨光顾,草木更显清秀。谁能想到,这片森林年均发生林业生物病害21.5万亩次。

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