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经济新动能的五种分析

2017-08-04 07:04:30   中国经济网

分析四:在新动能作用下,企业不变革就死亡。日本有很多百年老店,但新的百年老店很难再出现。即便是很成功的企业,在市场上占据支配地位的时间也越来越短。面对这种形势,我们管理国有企业很大程度上仍在沿用实物管理的方法,主要表现为管人管事管资产,这可能适用于传统工业。在新动能时代,如何转向管资本为主,如何在管理中体现人才、创新的核心价值,这是国企改革不可回避的问题。

分析五:新动能直接影响到政府管理和社会治理。各种新技术的出现,使信息公开性、管理精细化程度得以大幅提高。但也要看到,传统社会结构表现为金字塔形、信息单向传播。现代社会结构则表现为扁平化、社会思潮多元化。与以往相比,社会治理对象的期望值更高,公众意见表达渠道增多,瞬时回应难度加大。这就要求政府的组织决策、组织形态、组织方式、组织行为、决策机制等都需要进行深刻变革。

中央提出培育新动能后,国务院各有关部门积极响应,在“互联网+”、“大众创业万众创新”、“中国制造2025”、大数据、物联网等多个领域出台了一系列政策措施。但是我们也要看到,培育新动能是一项全新的事业,在扶持政策上还不能一步到位。比如,现在出台的政策大多着眼于生产环节,涉及分配、交换、消费的政策不多,说明政策覆盖面还不够全。很多含金量高的政策前面往往冠之以“积极探索”“有序放宽”“研究制定”等限定词,说明相关政策一时无法出台,扶持力度还不够。一些部门和地方,在新兴业态还没有充分发展的情况下,就急于加强管理,甚至出台逆向调节的措施。

我们国家经济体制的特点是条块分割,推动一项事业,条条出条条的政策,块块出块块的政策。培育新动能不是靠一两项政策可以解决的,需要突破条块分割体制,构建新的政策体系。这个体系应当包括财政政策、税收政策、金融政策、投资政策、土地政策和行业政策等一揽子政策,这些政策又需要各地有针对性地制定配套措施。

总之,新动能的出现,意味着政府管理和服务的对象发生了重大变化,是主动变革、积极引领,还是静观其变、固步自封,这在很大程度上决定着我国未来经济社会发展的命运。(原文来源:经济日报 作者:中国国际经济交流中心特邀研究员 范 必)

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