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珠峰脚下,绿色产业成气候——山东省支援日喀则市发展高效农业纪实

2017-08-03 23:34:31   中国经济网

十年接力建绿洲

护林瞭望塔上放眼望去,郁郁葱葱的树林,远衔群山。清爽的空气,婉转的鸟语,还有缓缓流过的河水,好一片高原绿洲。

南木林县林业局长次仁顿珠,给记者讲起当年光秃秃的南木林和这片绿洲的故事。

这里是雅鲁藏布江北岸,生态脆弱,是西藏主要风沙源之一。十年前,来自潍坊的山东援藏干部下定决心,带领群众植树造林锁风沙。

在省道203两侧,他们采用大坑、大苗、大水、深栽的策略种柳树。第二年,柳芽吐绿。于是全县铺开了道路林带建设。记者乘车走过,满目是浓浓的绿荫。

十年来,造林接力棒在援藏干部中一棒一棒往下传。2014年,这里开展了雅江北岸综合生态示范区建设,当年造林8000亩。西藏自治区启动“两江四河”流域造林绿化工程,这是青藏铁路之后西藏规模最大的工程,启动地和示范点就选在了南木林。

63岁的赤列,顶着烈日在林中巡查。他家9口人,三人是护林员。援藏工作组投资500万元新建的试验苗圃,租用的就是他们村的300亩地。援藏工作组还引进企业投入2100万元,建设千亩经济生态林。投资150万元完善林区基础设施,投资480万元用于森林管护。今年仅德庆、米如两处林业基地,就安排当地农民120人就业,增收50多万元。

到去年底,该示范区造林投资2亿元,其中国家投资1.4亿元,山东援藏累计配套6000万元,完成造林面积3.6万多亩,栽植各种绿化苗木200万株,建设绿色走廊50公里,饲草基地近万亩。气象部门测定,示范区沙尘天气次数减少了1/3,核心区氧气含量提高5%,空气湿度增加10%。荒滩绿了,河水清了,南木林成了高原上的“小江南”。

特色小镇富农家

今年春天,日喀则市桑珠孜区边雄乡农民种萝卜,看热闹的比干活的还多。人们直呼“开眼界”。边雄乡党委书记扎西次仁说:“这不是种萝卜,而是种思想。”

西藏群众煮牛羊肉喜欢配萝卜。边雄乡过去也种萝卜,但都是分散种植,管理落后效益差。

青岛莱西有个“萝卜小镇”,年蔬菜出口早就突破了2亿美元。来自青岛的山东援藏干部,就想把“萝卜小镇”复制过来。

边雄乡出政策,与农户签合同。按“萝卜小镇”方式种萝卜给补贴,种植收益全归农户。青岛农委捐赠了全套机械装备,赠送了有机海藻肥,并派出专家上门培训农民。边雄54户农民,其中4户贫困户,在近300亩土地上,迈出了种植现代化的第一步。

一粒粒种子,精准下地,光种子费用每亩节省600元,还不再需要间苗。全机械化,一个劳力一台机器一天能种20亩,效率提高10倍多,水肥一体化等新技术,全都配套落地。

记者看到,地里的萝卜长得齐刷刷一片翠绿。农技人员拔出一个,已经一拃多长。他估计亩产能过6000斤,增产2倍以上,亩产值8000元。种管机械化,还可腾出100多名劳动力外出打工。当地农民感叹:“这样种地,地真是值钱了!”

标准化生产,注册商标,申请国家农业部绿色、有机、无公害农产品标识,并将以统一的品牌销售。沿海的“萝卜小镇”,在高原上生根发芽。

离“萝卜小镇“不远,山东援藏干部引来企业,建起了“光伏小镇”,光伏发电与设施农业相结合。还有“土豆小镇”、“青稞小镇”、“苗木小镇”等,各具特色,让传统农业走向现代化。(中国经济网记者 单保江)

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