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中国历史十大名菜 有一个是“龙肉”北京烤鸭排第九

2017-07-13 10:04:15   今日头条

7、东安子鸡

东安子鸡,因用刚开鸣的小公鸡烹制而成,故名。本菜特色是特点:用嫩母鸡和红辣椒煸、烧而成。菜色呈红白绿黄四色相映,鸡肉肥嫩,味道酸辣鲜香。

东安子鸡是湖南的传统名菜,它始于唐代,相传唐玄宗开元年间,湖南东安县城里,有一家3个老年妇女开的小饭馆,某晚来了几位经商客官,当时店里菜已卖完,店主提来两只活鸡,马上宰杀洗净,切成小块,加上葱、姜、辣椒等佐料,经旺火,热油略炒,加入盐、酒、醋焖烧后,浇上麻油出锅,鸡的香味扑鼻,吃口鲜嫩,客官吃后非常满意,事后到处宣扬,小店声名远播,各路食客都慕名到这家小店吃鸡,于是此菜逐渐出名,东守县县太爷,风闻此事,也亲临该店品尝,为之取名为“东安鸡”流传至今已有一千多年的历史,成为湖南最著名的菜肴。

相关典故:

唐玄宗开元年间,有客商赶路,入夜饥饿,在湖南东安县城一家小饭店用餐。店主老妪因无菜可供,捉来童子鸡现杀现烹。童子鸡经过葱、姜、蒜、辣调味,香油爆吵,再烹以酒、醋、盐焖烧,红油油、亮闪闪,鲜香软嫩,客人赞不绝口,到处称赞此菜绝妙。知县听说后,亲自到该店品尝,果然名不虚传,遂称其为“东安子鸡”。这款菜流传至今上千年,成为湖南名菜。

传说,北伐战争胜利后,国民革命军第八军军长唐生智在南京设宴款待宾客,席中有“东安鸡”一菜,宾客食后赞不绝口。郭沫若《洪波曲》载:抗日战争时期,唐将军在长沙水陆洲的公馆里,曾设宴招待了他,其间也有东安子鸡这道菜。1972年2月美国总统尼克松访华,毛泽东主席宴请尼克松时,曾用东安鸡等湘菜招待他,尼克松吃得很高兴,边吃边赞赏,回国后。还大肆赞扬“东安鸡”味美可口,久食不厌。

8、西湖醋鱼

“西湖醋鱼”是浙江杭州传统风味名菜。此道菜选用西湖鲲鱼作原料,烹制前一般先要在鱼笼中饿养一两天,使其排泄肠内杂物,除去泥土味。烹制时火候要求非常严格,仅能用三四分钟烧得恰到好处。烧好后,再浇上一层平滑油亮的糖醋,胸鳍竖起,鱼肉嫩美,带有蟹味,道鲜嫩酸甜。肉滋别具特色。其年代可追溯到宋朝,可谓是历史悠久。

菜品来源:

“西湖醋鱼”又叫“叔嫂传珍”。

相传古时有宋姓兄弟两人,满腹文章,很有学问,隐居在西湖以打鱼为生。当地恶棍赵大官人有一次游湖,路遇一个在湖边浣纱的妇女,见其美姿动人,就想霸占。派人一打听,原来这个妇女是宋兄之妻,就施用阴谋手段,害死了宋兄。恶势力的侵害,使宋家叔嫂非常激愤,两人一起上官府告状,企求伸张正气,使恶棍受到惩罚。他们哪知道,当时的官府是同恶势力一个鼻孔出气的,不但没受理他们的控诉,反而一顿棒打,把他们赶出了官府。回家后,宋嫂要宋弟赶快收拾行装外逃,以免恶棍跟踪前来报复。临行前,嫂嫂烧了一碗鱼,加糖加醋,烧法奇特。宋弟问嫂嫂:今天鱼怎么烧得这个样子?嫂嫂说:鱼有甜有酸,我是想让你这次外出,千万不要忘记你哥哥是怎么死的,你的生活若甜,不要忘记老百姓受欺凌的辛酸之外,不要忘记你嫂嫂饮恨的辛酸。弟弟听了很是激动,吃了鱼,牢记嫂嫂的心意而去,后来,宋弟取得了功名回到杭州,报了杀兄之仇,把那个恶棍惩办了。可这时宋嫂已经逃遁而走,一直查找不到。有一次,宋弟出去赴宴,宴间吃到一道菜,味道就是他离家时嫂嫂烧的那样,连忙追问是谁烧的,才知道正是他嫂嫂的杰作。原来,从他走后,嫂嫂为了避免恶棍来纠缠,隐名埋姓,躲入官家做厨工。宋弟找到了嫂嫂很是高兴,就辞了官职,把嫂嫂接回了家,重新过起捕鱼为生的渔家生活。

古代有人吃了这道菜,诗兴大发,在菜馆墙壁上写了一首诗:'裙屐联翩买醉来,绿阳影里上楼台,门前多少游湖艇,半自三潭印月回。何必归寻张翰鲈(誉西湖醋鱼胜过味美适口的松江鲈鱼),鱼美风味说西湖,亏君有此调和手,识得当年宋嫂无。'诗的最后一句,指的就是'西湖醋鱼'创制传说。

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