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“专车第一案”撤销行政处罚 网约车以后都合法了?

2016-12-30 22:50:19   今日头条

对以上两种观点,济南市市中区人民法院认为,网约车这种客运服务的新业态,作为共享经济产物,其运营有助于提高闲置资源的利用效率,缓解运输服务供需时空匹配的冲突,有助于在更大程度上满足人民群众的实际需求。

因此,当一项新技术或新商业模式出现时,基于竞争理念和公共政策的考虑,不能一概将其排斥于市场之外,否则经济发展就会渐渐缓慢直至最后停滞不前。

但是同样不容否认的是,网约车的运营需要有效的监管。网约车这种客运行为与传统出租汽车客运经营一样,同样关系到公众的生命财产安全,关系到政府对公共服务领域的有序管理,应当在法律、法规的框架内依法、有序进行。只要是有效的法律、法规,就应当得到普遍的尊重和执行,这是法治精神的基本要求、法治社会的重要体现。因此,在本案当中,既要依据现行有效的法律规定审查被诉行政行为的合法性,以体现法律的权威性和严肃性,同时也要充分考虑科技进步激发的社会需求、市场创新等相关因素,作出既符合依法行政的当下要求,又为未来的社会发展和法律变化留有适度空间的司法判断。

综上,陈超的行为构成未经许可擅自从事出租汽车客运经营,违反了现行法律的规定。但虑及网约车这种共享经济新业态的特殊背景,该行为的社会危害性较小。因此,在本案审理中,应当对行政处罚是否畸重的情形予以特别关注。

第二个方面是:被诉行政处罚决定的处罚幅度是否畸重?

法院认为,行政处罚应当遵循比例原则,做到罚当其过。处罚结果应当与违法行为的事实、性质、情节以及社会危害程度相当,以达到制止违法行为再次发生的目的。

本案中,原告通过网络约车软件进行道路运输经营,而原告与网络约车平台的关系及与乘客最终产生的车费是否实际支付或结算完毕,被告未提供证据证明,具体几方受益也没有证据证明,尚不明确。

因此,虽然被告对未经许可擅自从事出租汽车客运的行为可以依法进行处罚,但原告在本案所涉道路运输经营行为中仅具体实施了其中的部分行为,在现有证据下,被告将本案行政处罚所针对的违法行为及其后果全部归责于原告,并对其个人作出了较重的行政处罚,处罚幅度和数额畸重,存在明显不当。

根据《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》第七十条的规定精神,依法应当予以撤销。此外,行政处罚决定书的内容需明确具体,载明行政管理相对人违反法律、法规或者规章的事实和证据。本案中,被告作出的行政处罚决定书,没有载明原告违法事实的时间、地点、经过以及相关道路运输经营行为的具体情节等事项,据此也应当予以撤销。至于原告有关处罚主体错误,执法程序违法的诉讼理由,经审查,被告的相关抗辩理由成立,对原告的上述主张,不予支持。

▲通过滴滴专车预订的车的司机为乘客开门。 新京报记者 王嘉宁 摄

探员追访

陈超:已经不再开专车,空闲时开顺风车

在得知判决结果后,重案组第一时间联系了当事人陈超,陈超表示,对案件结果挺满意,之前的罚款滴滴公司也已经解决了。事发后不久,自己就已经不再开专车了。

“这个事情对我开专车多少还有些影响的”,陈超说,自己还是考虑以工作为主,所以退出了专车大军,官司了解后,也不准备再从事专车业务了,“现在对专车司机的时间逐渐有要求了,我可能在时间上完成不了”,但陈超说,自己还会在空闲时间继续当顺风车司机。

陈超的代理律人李文谦律师表示,法院判决不仅从法律层面,也从政策层面对网约车的地位问题进行了解读,对以后此类案件将会有一定的借鉴作用。

责任编辑:穆启春 CN063
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