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网贷评级第一案宣判允许“差评”评级标准咋认定?

2016-12-28 11:11:40   

昨天下午,海淀法院宣判了“全国首例网贷评级不正当竞争案”,法院判决驳回“短融网”经营者久亿恒远(北京)科技有限公司(以下简称久亿公司)对北京融世纪信息技术有限公司的全部诉讼请求。记者了解到,该案也是我国首例网贷评级不正当竞争案件,被业界称为“网贷评级第一案”。

缘起:P2P平台不满“差评”起诉

久亿公司诉称,其经营的“短融网”P2P网贷平台,自2014年5月成立以来,业务规模迅速增长,自称为业内以最短时间获得A轮融资的网贷平台。融世纪公司是一家主要提供金融产品垂直搜索服务的公司,有部分业务与久亿公司存在交叉。该公司联合人民大学国际学院从2015年年初起针对P2P网贷平台开展评级活动,定期发布评级报告,每期报告针对100家左右的P2P网贷平台按A至C级进行划分。

久亿公司发现,短融网在两期评级报告中被评为C级和C-级,认为融世纪公司的评级对其造成贬损,构成商业诋毁,要求删除与评级相关的文章、消除影响、赔偿经济损失50万元等。融世纪公司认为自己的评级客观、科学,不构成商业诋毁。

近年来我国P2P网贷行业发展迅速,短时间内形成了数千家P2P网贷平台,自海淀法院于去年12月15日开庭审理此案后,判决结果一直备受社会关注,该案也被业界称为“网贷评级第一案”。时隔一年时间,昨天下午海淀法院对这起案件进行一审宣判。

解读:市场对网贷评级应更宽容

综合对网贷评级资质、要求、标准的考虑,法院没有支持久亿公司的主张。宣判后,本案法官表示,当前我国网贷市场环境下,相对客观、科学的网贷评级对网贷行业良性发展有重要意义。“我国的P2P网贷虽然发展比较迅速,但一方面发展时间短,一方面风险也较高,部分投资人的专业能力和风险评判意识较弱,相关的法律法规、具体的规范性文件和监管措施也还没有出台。”

法官表示,为了能让投资人获得更客观、有价值的投资参考信息,督促网贷平台充分披露信息、规范经营,促进我国网贷行业良性竞争秩序,网贷市场需要以更宽容的姿态接受多维度、专业性,且能基本反映客观现状的网贷评级。

■争议焦点

4大焦点问题考查评级制度

1

在当前的网贷市场环境下,谁有资格进行网贷评级。

关于评级资质:法院认为由于当前没有明确的法律法规对网贷评级主体资质、评级要求和标准作出具体规定,法院判断融世纪公司是否构成商业诋毁,以本案争议行为是否属于捏造、散布虚伪事实为基础,不以其是否具备合法评级资质为考虑因素。

2

同业竞争者之间能否开展评级。

关于评级要求:法院认为单纯的竞争关系的存在与捏造、散布虚伪事实不产生必然联系,经营者有权依法制止竞争对手捏造、散布与其有关的虚伪事实,但也应当对竞争对手客观、真实的评价予以适度容忍。

3

P2P网贷平台认为被评级别过低,评级者是否构成商业诋毁。

关于商业诋毁:法院认为,按照《反不正当竞争法》规定的商业诋毁要件进行判断,也就是会考查其是否捏造、散布虚伪事实,有无损害竞争对手的商业信誉、商品声誉。

4

什么样的评级才客观、公正、科学。

关于评级标准:法院结合双方证据、专家辅助人的意见认定,久亿公司缺乏充分证据证明融世纪公司存在主观恶意,收集的短融网数据信息不真实、不完整,也无法指出涉案评级体系规则存在明显不科学、不合理之处,以及评级结果使久亿公司受到不当的市场冲击而造成商业信誉受损。

北京晨报记者 黄晓宇

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