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人民日报:“抹避孕药培育无籽葡萄”纯属无稽之谈

2016-09-13 03:36:07   人民日报

中国农业科学院植物保护研究所研究员、国家葡萄产业技术体系病虫害防控研究室主任王忠跃说,植物激素是植物本身含有的、可以调节植物生长的一类物质,也可以人工合成类似物质。只要科学使用,就会起到增产作用。即使不科学使用,也只会对作物的品质、储运、货架期等造成影响,不会影响食品安全。对此类农用物资,农业部经过大量科学实验,证明不对人类、动物以及环境造成危害。

剧惠存说,赤霉素等植物激素即便被人食用,也很快会随代谢排出体外,对人体并无不良作用。何况植物中自然产生的植物激素原本就不少,食用它们后也不会产生健康危害。

“正如动物激素无法作用于植物,在农业生产上使用的各类植物激素,即使摄入后也无法调节人的生长发育。”亓蓉说,因此不用担心会影响儿童发育。

聂继云解释,在栽培葡萄时使用赤霉素的浓度极低,如果浓度高了或施用量大了,反而会对植株造成损伤。而且,从花期施用赤霉素至葡萄采收要经历两三个月,先前喷施的赤霉素基本都降解了。

剧惠存在实践中也发现,如果过量使用植物生长调节剂,有时会造成植株生长不正常,出现瓜条畸形、叶片扭曲、茎蔓发脆等问题。但这些都是对植物产生的影响,目前并未发现对人体造成危害的案例。

果农刘利更说,赤霉素用量非常少,“要是用多了,果枝变硬、果皮变薄,不利于长途运输”。

王忠跃还表示,赤霉素毒性极低。国际上许多国家对使用后不影响食品安全的化合物实行豁免,我国正借鉴国际经验,对包括赤霉素在内的一些植物生长调节剂进行豁免标准讨论。记者在农业部农药检定所官网中国农药信息网的“农药最大残留量数据库”中查询“赤霉素”,显示美国、日本、澳大利亚、韩国、新西兰以及国际食品法典等中,只有日本对赤霉素的最大残留量值进行了规定,为0.2毫克/千克(网站显示数据更新于2012年5月29日)。我国国家卫计委和农业部发布的《食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB 27632014)中未涉及赤霉素。

聂继云介绍,目前欧盟关于赤霉素的无可见有害作用剂量标准为每天3毫克/千克,也就是说,一个体重60千克的成年人,每天摄入180毫克赤霉素才可能会对健康产生影响。根据多年来我国农业部葡萄质量安全风险评估结果,葡萄中很少检出赤霉素,检出样品中的残留量不超过0.1毫克/千克,按照此数值计算,体重60千克的人每天要吃1800千克残留赤霉素的葡萄才能摄入180毫克赤霉素。(欧阳铭琪参与采写)

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