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美国海军频繁撞船背后:是“自大”还是“入不敷出”

2017-08-26 08:00:55   中国青年网

训练不足,指挥官水平被批跟不上

一连串的事故在美国海军内部也引发了广泛而激烈的讨论和反思,但更集中在系统性的海军规划和实际运作,即海军面临的客观难题。

美国海军作战部长约翰·理查森21日宣布,鉴于近期美海军舰只接连发生与其他船只相撞事故,美海军暂停舰队在全球范围的行动,并对太平洋海域第七舰队的运作表现进行全面审查。

美国海军研究所网站随后刊文称,美国海军事实上很清楚前沿部署在日本的舰艇相较于部署在美国本土基地的舰艇,训练更少但执行任务更多。

美国海军分析人士Bryan Clark表示这个话题谈论已久,关于水面舰艇,一直存在过度使用的问题。

“显然水面海军面临如何评估或训练士兵的诸多问题,但总体上存在一个系统性问题,水面海军得到的任务要比他们原本设计完成的任务重得多。”Bryan说,“这些士兵没时间得到培训。”

王云飞也提到,自美国海军提出所谓的“航行自由行动”之后,第七舰队更加频繁奔波于朝鲜半岛周边海域和南海之间,加上军演、跟踪监视他国舰艇等行动,第七舰队可以说一直在高强度连轴转。

“由于大部分行动一切操作按照战斗标准执行,时刻处于高度紧张状态,压力可想而知。”王云飞表示,“高度兴奋之后等待他们将是疲劳期,这是常见的生理现象。一旦任务结束,舰员精神很快进入放松疲惫状态。此时戒备松懈、规章松弛,就容易发生事故。”

美国海军退役舰长、曾担任过“宙斯盾”巡洋舰指挥官的凯文·艾尔(Kevin Eyer)提出了更猛烈的批判,“通常情况下,(相撞)舰艇的指挥官总是未能执行他或她的职责。尽管这可能是个令人满意的调查结论,但事实上这些调查是单薄的,它们难以解开至关重要的更大范围的事实。”

凯文认为,这些更大范围的相互关联的因素可能最终查出来是“丢脸的”,可能导致海军陷入最不想面对的窘境以及公众质疑。

“有可能我们已经到了这样的地步:我们的指挥官们是一些糟糕而经验不足的船员,而这种情形无非是由他们自身书写的。”凯文在美国海军研究所网站上撰文将矛头直指海军领导层。

对此,中国海军专家王云飞表示认同,“(美国海军需要)克服‘自大’心态,遵守海上航行规则需要提高官兵的综合素质。”他说。

“对于要走向远海的大国海军来说,美国频繁撞船提供了反面教材。”王云飞说。

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