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美国海军频繁撞船背后:是“自大”还是“入不敷出”

2017-08-26 08:00:55   中国青年网

“通俗地讲,就像是在行驶过程中一直在大声喊:我在什么方位、我要去哪里等信息,这样大家就相互知道周边的情况,及时避让,避免发生碰撞事故。”黄小兵说。

根据国际海事组织的要求,国际航行船舶必须安装AIS系统。Alnic MC油轮是一艘五万吨的船舶,这个吨位船舶均装备了AIS系统,还有雷达等比较完善的导航设备。因为吨位大,它一般不会随意改变航线。

AIS船讯网的信息也证实,Alnic MC油轮航线在5点24分碰撞发生之前十分正常,油轮以9节速度向新加坡航行(东北-西南航线),碰撞发生后油轮向调头往西北方向行驶了一段距离后再次调头,往位于西南方向的新加坡港口行驶。

在黄小兵看来,若不发生碰撞,航线不会有如此大的变化。而军舰任务比较特殊,航线比较不固定,如果疏忽大意就容易在繁忙航线上发生事故。

与商船相撞后的美国“麦凯恩”号导弹驱逐舰,船体出现洞口。东方IC 图

 “美国军舰‘闯红灯’出了名的”

据美国“连线”网站21日发表的文章称,海军舰艇可以出于执行任务的原因而关掉AIS系统,所以调查人员也将调查为什么防撞击警报没有及时发出预警。

海军专家王云飞说,在繁忙港口和航道,军舰航行要倍加小心,“但是美国海军一直有一种’自大’的心态,没有很好的遵守这些规则。”

王云飞告诉澎湃新闻,美国军舰“闯红灯”、“超速行驶”是出了名的,以前在执行任务过程中就多次碰到过这种情况。“《国际海上避碰规则》有各种防止碰撞的规则,美国军舰也知道这些规则,但常常自恃本舰速度快、操纵性能好,不能很好的遵守这些规则。”他说。

中国军事专家尹卓近日分析此次事故的原因时也提到了美国海军所享受的治外法权,他们犯了大错以后都不受法庭或当地法庭的审判,都会由美国海军或是美国军方的法庭审判,军方法庭基本都是无罪释放,或者给一个行政处分让他们回国,这种治外法权对美国海军来说,是他们造成在全世界各地违法乱纪进行犯罪活动的一个很重要的原因。

在黄小兵看来,综合各方面信息,这次碰撞事故应该美国军舰的责任更大。

“根据以往的航海经验,军舰或快速舰船通常会依仗自身机动性的优势抢航线,这种抢航线的动作存在一些风险。”这位江苏海运集团安全主管说,“从‘麦凯恩’号驱逐舰侧面被撞的情况来看,它是从Alnic MC油轮航线横穿过去的,导致碰撞的发生。”

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