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艾滋病疫苗真来了?强生宣布:志愿者100%产生抗体

2017-08-09 12:14:09   北京日报

马赛克疫苗研制也有强力竞争

艾滋病疫苗的研发如同其他产品的研发一样,竞争是一种常态。因此,瞄准马赛克疫苗的并非只有强生公司和哈佛大学,其他研究机构和研究人员也同样在研发马赛克疫苗。

在强生公司之前,美国的疫苗-癌症免疫治疗公司于今年5月在华盛顿举行的艾滋病疫苗试验网络春季全组会议上,由华盛顿大学医学实验室和弗莱德·哈钦森癌症研究中心助理教授罗沙博士公布了该团队研发的艾滋病疫苗Pennvax-GP首个临床研究的结果,也相当鼓舞人心,Pennvax-GP疫苗也几乎100%产生了对抗HIV的抗体,被称为是有史以来(在强生公司公布结果之前)艾滋病疫苗在人体临床试验中所观察到的最高的总体免疫应答率。

Pennvax-GP也是一种马赛克疫苗,采用了艾滋病病毒的4种抗原,比强生公司试验的马赛克疫苗还多一种抗原。疫苗-癌症免疫治疗公司招募了94名志愿者参加Pennvax-GP疫苗试验,其中85人接种疫苗,9人接种安慰剂。

疫苗-癌症免疫治疗公司的马赛克疫苗Pennvax-GP比强生公司的马赛克疫苗进行的试验更为细致和层次更多,但是受试人群还不到100人,而强生公司的受试者有近400人,因而在试验效果上更有说服力。

尽管上述两种马赛克疫苗表现出了令人鼓舞的结果,但是仍需要更多的试验来证明疫苗的效果,至少在人数上要与2009年泰国进行的艾滋病疫苗RV144相似或相当,当时泰国进行的试验有1.5万人参加。

另一方面,尽管马赛克疫苗成为目前艾滋病疫苗的主流和聚焦点,但是研发艾滋病疫苗同样是“条条道路通罗马”,其他研究也表现出了不俗的效果,甚至连被视为失败的RV144疫苗也都有“咸鱼翻身”的可能。例如,美国凯斯西储大学医学院的研究人员用RV144疫苗结合明矾佐剂来对恒河猴进行重新试验,发现可以降低44%的艾滋病病毒感染风险,这比2009年对人的研究降低31%的风险提高了13个百分点。

由此看来,艾滋病疫苗研发进展令人鼓舞,确实很可能处在突破的临界点上。

责任编辑:曲格林 CN064
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