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英国“脱欧”被搅黄?议会中近8成议员支持留欧

2016-11-08 05:35:06   人民日报海外版

谁来开启“脱欧”谈判?

虽然结果还未最终敲定,但英国国内舆论早已“炸开了锅”。高等法院公布裁决的第二天,英国《泰晤士报》就以“梅的‘脱欧’程序被叫停了”为题报道此事。英国《卫报》则称,高等法院的裁决对于特蕾莎·梅而言是“一团混乱”。

还有一些观点认为,特蕾莎·梅或许并不会像她自认为的那样轻易获胜。英国皇家国际事务研究所副研究员艾伦·惠特利在此前接受采访时指出,考虑到高等法院做出此次裁定的3位法官都是资深人士,而且他们做出了一致的措辞强烈的判断,因此,特蕾莎·梅政府方面在最高法院获得申请胜利的可能性不大。

这让人们不禁开始讨论一种可能:英国“脱欧”会不会就此被搅黄?

“客观来说,问题还没有这么严重,这份裁决不是针对‘脱欧’公投本身,而是关于政府和议会谁来主导‘脱欧’进程。”中国国际问题研究院欧洲研究所所长崔洪建在接受本报记者采访时分析指出,这份裁决的焦点在于谁有权力开启“脱欧”谈判。

尽管如此,干扰不可避免。尤其是在目前的英国议会中,“留欧派”声音更为响亮。摩根士丹利公司近期的调查数据就显示,虽然在此前的“脱欧”公投中,52%的选票支持“脱欧”,但是英国议会中有78%的议员支持“留欧”。

“如果最终是否开启‘脱欧’谈判的权力真的交到英国议会手中,那么议会就可能拖延,或是迟迟不做出表决,或是做出暂时不启动谈判的表决。”崔洪建指出,虽然不至于从根本上扭转英国的“脱欧”进程,但这将使“脱欧”一事更为复杂麻烦,增加更多不确定性。

武汉大学政治与公共管理学院副教授周晓明也向本报记者分析称:“这份裁决可能延缓英国的‘脱欧’进程,为英国在欧盟的去留问题带来更多的变数。”

受影响的不只是英国。作为“脱欧”谈判的另一方,欧盟虽然无法对英国国内的政治法律问题插手太多,但这样的横生枝节显然是其不愿看到的。专家指出,如果最终裁定导致“脱欧”谈判一拖再拖,那么欧盟的权威性和公信力都将由此受到损害,欧盟其他成员国还有可能得到一个不好的示范。

精英与民众的分裂

“这次裁定是英国‘脱欧’本就漫长的进程中的一个插曲。”周晓明指出,即便没有英国高等法院的这次裁决,“脱欧”谈判也将不可避免地成为一场“拉锯战”。“比如英国公民在欧盟成员国的居留权问题,过渡期间英国籍欧盟机构职员及欧洲议会议员在欧盟的法律地位问题,欧盟代表成员国与第三国签订的一系列政治性条约、经济性条约的梳理、审查与处置问题等,这些具体的法律问题都需要澄清和解决,需要一个缓慢的过程。”周晓明说。

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