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十年锤炼 金砖成色越来越高

2017-09-02 10:01:01   中国青年网

2017年,全球经济虽然出现明显的企稳向好迹象,但不确定性在增多,逆全球化,贸易投资金融的保护主义、民粹主义、孤立主义、单边主义抬头,世界期待通过今年的金砖国家厦门会晤,深化金砖合作,为世界经济注入新能量,为完善全球治理提供新方案,为促进世界经济增长作出新贡献。

今年是金砖“中国年”,围绕“深化金砖伙伴关系,开辟更加光明未来”这一主线,从金砖国家领导人汉堡非正式会晤到安全事务高级代表会议,从外长会晤、协调人会议到财金、经贸、科技、工业、文化、教育、环境等各领域磋商,2017年金砖之间的交流活动多达84场,其中部长级以上会议就有22场,形成60多项合作协议和共识。这些合作和共识,让金砖的分量越来越重、成色越来越足、影响越来越大。金砖国家合作机制形成了经济、政治、人文“三轮驱动”新格局。

我们有理由期待,走过十年的金砖合作,将在开放包容的厦门开启下一个“金色十年”。而中国,也将再次为世界贡献中国智慧和中国方案,使金砖得到进一步淬炼。

信心源自五国发展的优势——长期来看,金砖国家有三大发展优势:一是人口优势,金砖五国人口占世界的42.88%;二是资源优势,五国自然资源丰富,这是经济增长的重要基础;三是市场空间,五国有着巨大的消费潜力。这些优势将助推五国“握手成拳”。

信心源自五国合作的诚意——金砖国家中,中国经济体量和增长速度虽处于领先地位,但在金砖国家新开发银行成立时,金砖五国平等出资、民主决策,与西方国家垄断国际货币基金组织和世行的做法形成鲜明对比;金砖银行总部虽设在上海,但首任行长来自印度,首任理事会主席来自俄罗斯,首任董事会主席来自巴西,公平与合作的理念再次得到彰显。

8月17日,金砖银行非洲区域中心在约翰内斯堡正式开业;2017年全年,金砖银行的贷款总额预计会达到25亿美元左右;金砖银行总部在上海的永久性办公大楼即将开工。在金砖厦门会晤的时候,金砖银行将会迎来新的发展契机。

作为世界第二大经济体,中国在提高“金砖成色”的进程中将发挥更加积极的作用。未来五年,中国将进口超过8万亿美元的商品,带头扩大内需、扩大消费、扩大进口,将为金砖国家以及世界经济的发展创造动力。

目前,中国已成为全球规模最大、发展速度最快的电子商务市场。据测算,2022年金砖五国跨境网络零售销售总额将从2016年的920亿美元上升到4824亿美元,占全世界的跨境网络零售销售总额比例从2016年的22.9%上升到35.5%。为进一步推动金砖五国的互联互通与贸易便利化,金砖五国达成协议,要建立金砖国家的电子口岸网络,逐步实现“单一窗口”。

“交得其道,千里同好,固于胶漆,坚于金石。”经过十年发展,金砖国家合作已成为一棵茁壮生长的大树。从发展阶段看,当前金砖国家正在相继进入中等收入国家行列,金砖各国的发展模式要从依靠要素投入向依靠劳动生产率提高转变,发展理念要从侧重速度向注重质量和效益转变,经济结构要从相对单一向均衡合理转变,经济增长要从主要依靠出口向扩大内需转变。

“伙伴的意义和价值,不仅在于顺境中共襄盛举,更在于逆境时携手前行。”面对新的国际形势和环境,只要继续秉持金砖精神,不为杂音所扰,不为困难所阻,共同建设开放世界,共同勾画发展愿景,共同深化伙伴关系,金砖国家合作之树定会更加枝繁叶茂。

中国已经做好准备,厦门已经做好准备,美丽的“鹭岛”将发出更响亮的金砖声音。中国提出的“金砖+”拓展模式,将扩大金砖的“朋友圈”,引领金砖合作机制释放新的生机和活力。

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