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特事特办!证监会为什么连夜给联通“开绿灯”?

2017-08-22 00:25:25   中国青年网

而发改委是管项目为主,为此他们主抓的主要是垄断性企业,风格一直是势头很猛,动作很大,速度很快。比如去年9月28日刚刚公布央企混改的第一批的9家试点名单,今年已经有东航和联通两家启动混改了。

如果把联通混改放到发改委混改的一系列计划中来看,也就不难理解为什么动静这么大了。

但其实,解读这个问题还有另一个思路。今年的中央经济工作会议,国务院常务会议等,都密集提到了“深化供需改革”这一要求。2017年更是被认为是实施供给侧改革的深化之年。而推动国有企业股份制改革,无疑是深化供需改革的一个重要突破口。

事实上,2016年12月14日至16日的中央经济工作会议就已经明确提出,深化国企国资改革,要有突破口。混合所有制改革是国企改革的重要突破口。

什么是“突破口”,就是混改的优先级高于国企改革的其他方面。这样一来,国有企业股份制改革的意义就不言而喻了。

李锦预计,接下来,在十九大以前,混改还将加快脚步,争取让供需改革取得明显的成效。

那么,挑选参与混改的企业有没有什么标准呢?为什么是联通承担了这个“排头兵”的角色?

其实,只要看看联通过去几年消沉的业绩就知道。2016年,联通全年净利润6.3亿元人民币,同比下降94%,甚至不及2015年的零头。在4G和固网业务上,2017年的联通的移动用户增长数量仅为移动的三分之一左右,固网业务用户增长数仅为中国移动的九分之一左右。

在竞争中处于最劣势地位的企业才有最强烈的改革意愿,当然也是试错成本最低的选择。近年来竞争力下滑、市场份额缩水不断缩水的联通,必然是亟待改革的一个。

争论

哪里有改革,哪里就有争论。这次联通混改的阵仗如此之大,自然在社会各界引起了极大的反响。

最多的观点,就是联通将所持股份从67.3%降到36.7%,以及同股同权,让公有制资本失守了。在不少人心里,国有企业就是应该“纯洁”点,甚至不少声音认为,国有企业是公有制的最后一道堤坝,让太多民营资本进入,会“搞坏”国企。

然而,反过来还有人认为这次混改不够彻底,公有制资本进得太多了。比如,这次中国人寿持股10.22%,加上联通持有的36.7%,公有资本还是占主导地位。这改革还有意义吗?

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