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中小城市“造城运动”后遗症凸显:繁华与破烂齐飞

2017-08-05 10:04:22   新华网

工业园区如此,一些新建的居民社区亦如此。锦和新城,一个昔日河南省的样板工程,如今成为农民的放羊场。这座位于滑县新区的居民区,曾是河南省规模最大的新型农村社区建设试点。记者近日在锦和新城二期看到,46栋10多层高的住宅楼拔地而起,排列整齐,在周边农田和低矮房屋的衬托下,显得格外醒目。走进小区,却发现空空荡荡、杂草丛生,还有附近村民在空地上放羊。

这一情况并非个案。在河南许昌、漯河、焦作等地,都存在类似的新型农村社区(有的叫城乡一体化示范区)。有的楼盖了一半就扔在那里,有的主体竖起来了却没有后续施工,造成巨大浪费。

  拉大框架,配套设施闲置亏损

近几年,我国高铁发展很快,为了拉大城市框架,许多地方把高铁站建到新城区,并配套建设高档豪华的汽车客运站。结果因为摊子铺得太大,配套汽车站闲置浪费严重,经营举步维艰。

近日,记者在河南鹤壁高铁站旁的汽车站看到,一楼“富丽堂皇”的候车厅几乎没有乘客,空空荡荡,6层大楼仅启用了1层。在郑州汽车客运东站,客运站仅启用1/4,豪华的候车大厅2楼成了打羽毛球等运动场地。在许昌汽车客运东站,2层完全没启用,1层仅启用一半左右,偌大的停车场仅停有2辆大巴车,鲜有乘客进出。

豪华而没有人气的客运站让相关企业的经营雪上加霜。“我们场站每年亏损1000多万元,收入抵不上支出,每年都在亏损。”河南一家客运站的站长直言,地方政府存在打造“面子工程”的倾向,相关规划的前瞻性不足,和形势不相符。

  过度透支,地方债务风险加大

一些城市新区开发建设的投资需求动辄几十亿元乃至几百亿元,远远超出中小城市的投融资能力,导致负债规模急剧攀升,地方债务风险不断加大,发展空间和发展潜力逐渐被“锁死”。

某县级市一名已落马的市委书记被群众称为“不爱党建爱城建”。在他主政期间,该市共拆除上百万平方米,建了150万平方米。这名书记到任时,政府财政结余有12亿元,3年后这位书记离任时,政府负债高达79亿元。2016年,该市财政总收入16.4亿元。按此计算,即使该市一分钱不花,要还清这笔负债也需要近5年时间。

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