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密织生态安全大屏障——内蒙古辉煌70年系列述评之生态建设篇

2017-08-04 12:57:43   新华网

毛乌素沙地沙大风多、十年九旱。2011年始国家加大治理力度,毛乌素沙地治理成效显著,沙害基本消失,过去的漫漫黄沙变成了林海草原。

这里是内蒙古人民持续不断开展防沙治沙工作的一个缩影。

治沙战场吹响嘹亮的“冲锋号”,在国家林业重点工程的深入推进过程中,内蒙古下大力气防沙治沙,坚持全民尽责、全社会参与,实现了从“沙进人退”到“沙退人进”的重大转变。

大工程带动大发展,沙害不除治沙不止。依托“三北”防护林体系建设、天然林保护、退耕还林、京津风沙源治理等国家林业重点生态工程,让全区各个盟市几乎所有旗县都披上“绿装”,5年累计完成重点工程4040万亩,占全区同期造林总量的75%。

聚合力全民治沙,绿了荒漠富了百姓。位于北京正北方的锡林郭勒盟,浑善达克和乌珠穆沁两大沙地横贯其间,就像悬在北京头顶的一个巨大“沙盆”。近年来广大农牧民群众积极参与生态建设,在政策引导和利益驱动下,农牧民自主治沙的积极性高涨,全盟非公有治沙造林主体达7万多个,探索出了一条由“治沙”走向“致富”的道路。

沙产业蓬勃兴起,开启治沙新动能。内蒙古坚持“谁造林、谁所有、谁受益”原则,鼓励和引导企业投资造林事业,调动社会参与积极性,从而涌现出亿利、东达蒙古王、蒙草抗旱、和盛育林公司等一大批造林绿化企业,成为造林绿化的生力军,推动防沙治沙工作取得新的进展。

 发展与治理“双轮驱动”

保护生态环境就是保护生产力,改善生态环境就是发展生产力,绿水青山和金山银山之间有内在的关联性、统一性,并不是鱼与熊掌不可兼得的对立关系。

内蒙古既是资源能源富集区,也是生态环境脆弱区,正确处理好发展与保护的关系,坚定走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路,对自治区长远发展至关重要。

鄂尔多斯市是典型的资源型城市,总量巨大却结构单一,因煤而兴也因煤而痛,过去一段时间在实现经济快速发展的道路上,高耗能、高污染让环境不断恶化。

为了改变这样的面貌,鄂尔多斯抓住国家推进煤炭清洁高效利用的战略机遇,以打造现代煤化工生产示范基地为目标,引导和支持企业延长产业链,走资源转化增值、企业循环发展之路,在资源开采与环境保护之间找到了平衡点。

保护环境是重大民生工程,功在当代、利在千秋,经济发展决不能以牺牲环境为代价。“十一五”时期是乌海市建市以来发展最快的阶段,但是由于资源开发利用方式粗放,到处烟囱林立、浓烟滚滚,大气污染严重影响了群众的正常生活。

直面问题不回避,整改措施不松劲。近年来乌海市强化建立了空气污染预报预警、环评会商、产业限排限产等制度,重点对超标排放、矿区综合污染等问题进行整治,2016年环境空气质量优良天数较上年增加了47天。

经过全区各盟市对资源开发项目的严厉整治,当前内蒙古环境质量指标达到国家考核要求。去年各盟市空气质量评价达标天数比例同比提高5.1个百分点。

小康全面不全面,生态环境是关键。内蒙古将继续走好绿色发展之路,使草原林海、沙漠雪原、湖泊湿地成为聚宝盆,让天更蓝、山更绿、水更清、空气更清新、人民更开心。

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