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国家能源局原局长:希望有企业站出来说不要补贴

2017-05-06 20:21:21   

这说明,能源问题和政治问题密切相关。

但我要说特朗普的能源认识主要来自于其幕僚,他是一个成功的房地产商人,在能源领域的知识并不充分。他有关能源的一些观点与事实都有不符。例如他在竞选时曾说加州南岸的风机是一堆废铜烂铁,很多是中国生产的,但我多方查证后发现并没有中国制造的,我当即就和GE高层交流,建议他告诉特朗普正确的信息。当选后特朗普到《纽约时报》座谈时,特朗普改口不再提是中国制造了,但说美国不制造风机,都是德国和日本制造的。事实上GE及关联公司生产的风机占到了美国市场的40%以上,我又建议GE高层应大胆告诉特朗普正确的信息。

当选总统后,特朗普开始认识到退出巴黎气候协议的复杂性和美国要付出的代价,据说是受其女婿影响。特朗普的能源政策是不断认识,不断修正的,但重视传统能源的取向毋庸置疑,已大幅削减了新能源的预算。特朗普应该注意到,新能源也是吸纳就业的重要产业,美国太阳能每百万千瓦吸纳的就业人数要多于传统能源。中美贸易不平衡,特朗普要求减少中美贸易赤字的前提下,中国是否会从美国进口煤炭石油天然气?我们拭目以待。

今年油价超60美元/桶概率不大

自国际金融危机以来,世界经济低迷,能源需求增量减缓,能源供应由紧张转变为宽松,价格随之下降,石油最低价曾经跌到过每桶30美元的低谷。虽然在缓慢回升,但仍在每桶50到55美元之间徘徊。最近WTI油价又跌到50美元/桶以下,上涨乏力,主要还是供应宽松。如果没有大的国际突发事件,今年上半年油价会徘徊在50美元这个区间,全年超过60美元/桶的概率不大。

美国的页岩油气、中东的石油和天然气,更多要考虑欧洲和亚洲市场,更加重视中国的需求。OPEC国家间因为诉求不同,达成并遵守减产协议非常不易,沙特为了保持市场份额,不惜打价格战。刚刚恢复油气生产的伊拉克、利比亚急着拿油换钱,伊朗也要保持市场份额。所以限产不易。OPEC通过减产操纵油价的能力在减弱,保住市场份额是沙特等主要产油国的主要政策取向。油价下降的时候阴谋论很盛行——到底是沙特为了打压美国页岩油气故意压低价格,还是美国为了分化OPEC打压沙特油价?我看更多还是市场的供需变化在起决定性作用,但金融炒作,地缘政治对油价的影响确实在增强,石油的金融属性在增加,短期油价波动受到汇率和股市等金融市场的影响较大。美元升值,肯定油价下跌,美元贬值,肯定油价上升。

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