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针对增速较快的甲状腺结节检出问题,医科院肿瘤医院科研处处长魏文强解释说,检出率上升主要原因是检测手段越来越普及,特别是超声B超的普及使得以前初诊发现不了的小结节现在也能在早期就被检出。他表示,虽然体检检测出结节的多了,但是由于结节良性居多,而且即便是恶性的,甲状腺肿瘤也是治疗效果非常好、恶性程度很低的肿瘤,因此市民也不必过度恐慌。
北京市2015年度体检统计资料报告
项目 高三学生 初三学生
视力不良检出率为 89.28% 81.95%
超重率为 20.36% 14.71%
肥胖率为 14.45% 10.27%
每十个高三学生中,只有一个能达到双眼裸眼视力5.0的健康标准,其余九人都不达标。
10
大健康杀手
男性
超重肥胖
血脂异常
脂肪肝
甲状腺结节
骨量减少/骨质疏松
幽门螺旋杆菌阳性
血尿酸升高
腰臀比异常
血压增高
颈动脉斑块
女性
乳腺增生
超重肥胖
甲状腺结节
血脂异常
骨量减少/骨质疏松
幽门螺旋杆菌阳性
脂肪肝
腰臀比异常
子宫颈炎症
子宫肌瘤
■专家解读
应定期检查及早发现慢病
根据此次发布的报告数据,50岁前,本市男性超重肥胖检出率高于女性,50岁以后则低于女性。北京市体检中心相关负责人介绍,这可能与女性更年期后卵巢功能减退、雌激素水平下降相关,激素有调控体重的能力,激素水平下降往往会造成体重上升;而20至50岁男性肥胖检出率较高,可能和工作压力、生活和饮食习惯等相关。
专家表示,慢病是一类与不良行为和生活方式密切相关的疾病。研究证实,慢病的发生与吸烟、酗酒、不合理膳食、缺乏体力活动、精神因素等有关。慢病具有病程长、病因复杂、健康损害和社会危害严重等特点。慢病是全球的一个重要公共卫生问题,据世界卫生组织报道,慢病是全球致死和致残的首位原因,且导致了全球疾病负担加重。在慢病的防治中,预防显得特别重要,由于慢病往往具有共同的危险因素,因此,在日常生活中,只要改变不良行为,选择健康的生活方式,戒烟、限酒、进行适当的体力活动,保持心理健康,就能防止或减少多种慢病的发生。慢病诊断容易,市民应定期进行健康检查,能及早发现慢病。
北京晨报记者
徐晶晶
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