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小苏打真能“饿”死癌细胞?你关心的都在这儿

2016-09-26 04:15:00   新华通讯社

原标题:小苏打真能“饿”死癌细胞?你关心的都在这儿

新华社杭州9月25日新媒体专电(记者黄筱)这个周末,你的朋友圈是不是被这条新闻刷屏?《重大突破!癌细胞,竟被中国医生用小苏打“饿”死了》,记者第一时间收集了讨论热度最高的八大话题,再次对话长江学者、浙江大学肿瘤研究所教授胡汛和浙江大学医学院附属第二医院放射介入教授晁明,希望能为关注这项研究成果的朋友们答疑解惑。

【问题一】小苏打“饿”死癌细胞是不是等于喝苏打水可以抗癌防癌?由两位专家团队研发的创新治疗方法TILA-TACE(靶向肿瘤内乳酸阴离子和氢离子的动脉插管化疗栓塞术)中小苏打通过何种方式进入体内?打针、吃药还是通过什么方式作用在肿瘤上?

晁明:喝碱性水有益于健康是公认的,但对于“苏打水防癌作用”这个问题,目前还没有准确的科学依据。

我们采用的方式是把碳酸氢钠通过肿瘤滋养血管注入瘤体,改变肿瘤内部的pH值。用碱如碳酸氢钠(小苏打)来去除肿瘤内的氢离子,就可破坏乳酸根和氢离子的协同作用,从而快速有效地杀死处于葡萄糖饥饿或缺乏的肿瘤细胞。

科学原理如何在人体得到实现需要反复验证,这是一个初步研究,但结果是真实的。

【问题二】TILA-TACE目前对原发性肝细胞肝癌效果显著,对于其他癌症的适用性是否也在研究中?

晁明:目前我们研究就是针对原发性肝细胞肝癌治疗。但这个原理对大部分实体肿瘤是有普遍意义的。肿瘤生长在不同位置,它的血供条件、能否栓塞都需要考虑,比如脑部肿瘤就不适合做cTACE(传统动脉插管化疗栓塞术),栓塞会造成严重并发症。虽然研究的初步结果让人鼓舞,但还需要更多深入的研究,一项研究有它的边际效应,随着推进才能实现在其他癌种的应用。

【问题三】哪些病人可以接受TILA-TACE治疗?

晁明:我们的临床试验研究范围是中晚期的原发性肝细胞肝癌。这个中期、晚期的定义,不是老百姓口中经常提到的以时间为分界的中晚期,而是有严格的医学标准:肿瘤大于3公分的叫中期;肿瘤出现脉管侵犯的就是晚期。针对一些已经出现腹水、黄疸的终末期患者,很遗憾,我们尚没有突破。

【问题四】目前对原发性肝细胞肝癌的治疗效果是有效,还是治愈?

晁明:“有效”的意思是对这项治疗的反应的判断。反应到什么程度称为“有效”有不同的判别标准。比如RECIST标准是观察肿瘤大小变化,我们研究中用的是EASL标准,观察肿瘤的坏死率,坏死50%以上是“有效”。我们的治疗肿瘤客观反应率100%,所以称之为“有效”。

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