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新华社专访王石、姚振华 连发三文谈“万宝之争”

2016-07-08 04:51:40   

根据记者的调查,在对万科股权进行收购直至成为第一大股东的过程中,宝能系通过技术操作多途径募集收购资金,其中的杠杆风险不容忽视。

凯石益正资产管理有限公司研究总监仇彦英表示,无论是融资融券,还是银行理财资金、万能险资金,所有的杠杆都依赖于二级市场股价的上涨来实现兑付。一旦万科股价持续下跌,或股市出现趋势性下行,风险可能沿着杠杆资金链条跨市场、跨行业传递。

值得注意的是,从2013年开始,安邦、生命人寿等保险公司频频举牌上市公司,包括地产行业龙头企业在内,低估值蓝筹股成为其主要增持对象。中信证券一项研究显示,保险资金在大地产、大蓝筹企业中的持股比例下限(按照市值加权平均结果)已从2011年初的1.4%上升至2016年初的11.5%。

多位业界人士表示,资金追逐经营稳定、成长性强的上市公司,是资本市场逐步走强成熟的表现之一。但产业资本强势介入上市公司,可能出现资本与产业之间的矛盾,存在战略整合及经营失败风险,引发资金“脱实向虚”的问题。

对此,北京大学国家发展研究院教授周其仁认为,金融活动需要行为主体、买方投资者及政府三方监督。“特别是权威的第三方,即以合法强制力为后盾,在法律法规范围内该过问就过问。”

怎么管?现行监管仍待破题

既然不应绕开监管,那该如何出手监管?多位业内专家认为,万科股权争夺中既有资金来源的监管问题,也有监管体制本身亟待完善的问题。

早在几个月前,监管部门成立联合调查组对宝能资金进行了摸底。从银证保各自领域来看,调查组没有发现宝能资金的合规性问题。

根据记者调查,就银行、证券、保险等单一行业的角度而言,万科股权之争的确符合现行监管规定。但从跨行业、跨市场的整体角度观察,其交易结构复杂导致风险底数不清,暴露出现行监管体制仍有漏洞。

分业监管导致监管真空,穿透式监管缺失。

在金融创新不断提速的背景下,金融业分业经营正向综合经营快速转变,资金通过复杂的交易结构实现跨行业、跨市场流动。

据记者了解,银行理财资金在结构化资管产品的优先级配置、上市公司股票质押融资、“打新”基金中均是重要的资金来源,证券公司利用资金池参与到股权质押、定增项目中,保险公司利用各类资管产品开展长期股权投资。大量资金通过结构化产品绕道涌向一二级市场的股权投资。

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