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新华社专访王石、姚振华 连发三文谈“万宝之争”

2016-07-08 04:51:40   

银行理财和保险是资金主力

记者调查发现,截至去年12月万科停牌前,宝能已使用的430亿元中,有104亿元来自前海人寿的保险资金。

据知情人士透露,宝能首先把保险资金运用到了极限。截至停牌前,前海人寿持股万科占比6.66%的股票,这个比例已经接近保监会对保险资金投资股市要求的上限。

在后半期,浙商银行的132.9亿元资金发挥了重要作用。这笔大额资金通过成立浙商宝能合伙基金进入到钜盛华,钜盛华又拿出77亿元资金作为劣后通过资管计划买入万科股票。在这一环节,多家银行的理财充当了优先级,按照两倍的杠杆向宝能提供了资金。

“很难说这些银行理财资金直接进入了股市,从这一点来说没有违规迹象,但是实质上银行理财资金间接投资了二级市场,并在其中发挥了重要作用。”一位知情人士说。

根据记者获得的报告,按照浙商宝能合伙协议的约定,浙商宝能合伙基金的资金已经可以直接用于收购上市公司股份。但浙商银行去年12月24日公开回应,其理财资金投资认购华福证券资管计划132.9亿元作为优先,仅用于钜盛华整合收购非上市公司金融股权,不可用于股票市场二级投资。

除浙商银行之外,宝能系资金中出现了多家银行的身影。根据记者获得的资料,2015年10月19日至11月19日,钜盛华分10笔通过鹏华资管的定向资管计划向深圳市建行办理了股票质押,由此获得总计78亿多元的银行理财资金,用于置换券商收益互换购买的股票。

据了解,钜盛华之所以拆分为10笔进行操作是因为置换过程需要首先归还收益互换的借款资金,股票过户后才能再作股票质押,这就需要一笔过桥资金。钜盛华无力一次完成置换。

“每次质押,钜盛华会买入1万股中集集团的股票一并质押,这是根据深圳建行的需求,将质押的股票由单一股票变为股票组合。”一位知情人士告诉记者。

对宝能资金的相关问题,宝能负责人姚振华在提供给记者的书面回复中说,前海人寿投资万科的资金属于保险资金,完全合规合法。钜盛华投资万科的资金来源包括自有资金和依法合规的外部融资,外部融资方式包括两融、资管计划和收益互换。上述资金来源风险可控、合法合规。

杠杆倍数成迷局

对于宝能买入万科股票,业内普遍认为这种市场行为本身是中性的,但是购股资金背后的合法合规性、杠杆风险等问题,给我国金融监管带来了新的挑战,这正是万科事件深层次制度问题。

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