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中国机器人产业痛点:800多家企业近半无产品

2016-06-23 01:41:09    每日经济新闻

另外,减速器作为连接动力源和执行机构之间的中间装置,用来精确控制机器人动作,传输更大的力矩,对机器人的精度影响很大。“减速器和伺服电机 的情况类似。与通用减速器相比,机器人关节减速器要求具有传动链短、体积小、功率大、质量轻和易于控制等特点。”徐方对《每日经济新闻》记者说。

据他介绍,现在机器人上使用的RV减速器和谐波减速器,属于高端的减速器,虽然国内也有厂家生产,但是规模很小,目前RV减速器仍然被日本的纳博特斯克公司垄断,日本的哈默纳科则在谐波减速器上占绝对优势。

此前,有行业人士透露,一台精密减速器四大国际巨头采购价为3万元-5万元,卖给国内关系好的客户约7万元,关系一般的普通客户约12万元,内资企业采购精密减速机的成本比国际巨头贵一倍还多,可见其间的利润差别有多大。

上述白皮书显示,关键零部件大量依赖进口,导致国内企业生产成本压力大,比之于外企,国内企业要以高出近4倍的价格购买减速器,以近2倍的价格购买伺服驱动器。

罗军说:“谷歌、IBM、微软等美国企业正在开辟机器人一个新时代,而且布局已经基本完成。而我国目前还处在谋求伺服电机、控制器、减速器领域的自主化。”

具备人工智能的机器人尚未取得有效进展,高端产品缺乏,核心零部件受制于人。6月16日,在沈阳举行的机器人TOP10峰会上,工信部副部长辛国斌也直言:“我国机器人产业已出现‘高端产业低端化’的趋势。”

“痛点”3:机器人产业已现投资过剩

尽管目前国内机器人行业短板明显,但这丝毫没有影响到地方政府和企业对机器人行业青睐。

据中国机器人产业联盟数据表明,过去两年,建成和在建机器人产业园区超过40个。中国机器人产业联盟副秘书长姚之驹此前表示,过去两年里,各地出台的对机器人产业的扶持政策有77项之多。

在4月26日举行的《机器人产业发展规划(2016-2020年)》新闻发布会上,工信部装备工业司司长李东也介绍,初步统计,涉及生产机器人的企业超过了800家。

在行业火热表象背后,部分业内人士也对这种“大干快上”的局面表达了忧虑。辛国斌在6月16日的机器人TOP10峰会上直言:“我国机器人产业有投资过剩的隐忧。”

罗军就向《每日经济新闻》记者说:“现在机器人企业有800多家,机器人园区超过40个。但是在这800多家企业里面,将近一半企业是没有产品 的空牌子。剩下的一半企业里面将近70%~80%是在代理别人的产品,真正能自己生产零部件或机器人产品的企业,国内也就100家企业左右,而且这100 家企业在核心零部件方面仍然主要依赖进口。”

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