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中国机器人产业痛点:800多家企业近半无产品

2016-06-23 01:41:09    每日经济新闻

以手术机器人为例,罗军向《每日经济新闻》记者介绍,目前全球微创医疗手术机器人基本被美国达芬奇机器人垄断。

“达芬奇机器人被誉为‘高级的腹腔镜系统’,能让外科医生坐镇立体声控制台通过患者床边的机器手臂实现对内窥镜手术器械的远程控制。从临床经验来看,利用达芬奇机器人进行前列腺手术,可更加精准地解剖和操作,能减少人出血和创伤。”罗军说。

而在国内,手术机器人基本还处于研发阶段。记者注意到,今年6月新松机器人还参股辽宁何氏眼科医院。新松机器人品牌与公共关系部部长哈恩晶向 《每日经济新闻》记者介绍,“参股医院体现了新松在未来医疗机器人领域的布局。新松目前主要做的是医疗康复、残疾人辅助方面的机器人,尚未研发用于手术的 机器人。”

与国外已经具备初级人工智能的机器人相比,我国机器人尚难以匹敌,甚至与国外成熟的工业机器人相比,我国的机器人依然有不小差距。

中国电子信息产业发展研究院发布的《中国机器人产业发展白皮书(2016版)》显示,国产工业机器人以中低端产品为主,主要是搬运和上下料机器 人,大多为三轴和四轴机器人,应用于汽车制造、焊接等高端行业领域的六轴或以上高端工业机器人市场主要被日本和欧美企业占据,国产六轴工业机器人占全国工 业机器人新装机量不足10%。

此外,近年来,在各类演艺舞台、展会上也不乏机器人的身影。机器人唱歌、跳舞、甚至与人对话,总能引来不少围观。罗军不禁感叹:“这些看似高端 的机器人实际上并没有太多核心技术,更谈不上人工智能。本来应该是高端的装备,但是现在却被用来唱歌跳舞,机器人被当作玩具。”

“痛点”2:关键零部件大量依赖进口

除了高端产品缺乏,我国机器人产品的核心零部件依赖进口的局面仍未改变。控制器、伺服电机、减速机被视为机器人的三大核心零部件,占到机器人成本的70%,这也是制约中国机器人产业的主要瓶颈。

上述白皮书数据显示,2015年约有75%的精密减速器由日本进口,主要供应商是哈默纳科、纳博特斯克和住友公司等;伺服电机和驱动超过80%依赖进口,主要来自日本、欧美。

以伺服电机为例,实际上国内也是能够生产的,但是徐方告诉《每日经济新闻》记者:“机器人用的伺服电机和其他设备的伺服电机也有所不同,机器人上需要高速、高精度、高可靠的伺服电机,目前国产的伺服电机只能满足焊接机器人的要求。”

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