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中国药品审批“大塞车”:药品审评业务员仅70人

2016-06-08 01:14:24   法制网

原标题:中国药品审批“大塞车”

记者张舒

提起我国药品审批上市制度,出现在人们脑海中的第一个字便是“慢”。审批进度“慢”、效率低,致使我国许多新药被堵在审批路上,备受业界诟病。中国式药品审批已经成了中国医药发展的最大绊脚石。

“抗癌新药要去美国、印度才能买到,这在中国已不再是什么新鲜事。”总部位于瑞士的制药公司诺华CEO江慕忠曾笑叹,而这一现象正折射出中国药品审评慢、积压多、审批难的痼疾。“可谓一药功成万骨枯。”

药品审批是全球各国普遍实行的药物监督管理制度,在中国由食品药品监督管理总局(以下简称“食药监总局”)负责。

但因为审批时间长、程序冗杂,我国药品审批制度一直备受诟病。

为新药批准文号等过16年

2015年年8月18日,国务院正式发布《关于改革药品医疗器械审评审批制度的意见》(以下简称《意见》)。

《意见》发布当天,国家食品药品监督管理总局副局长吴浈在新闻发布会上公开表示,目前中国药品审评积压仍旧严重,待评审药品达21000件,尽管国家已经提高了药品标准和质量认证水平,但“药品标准不够高,管理方式比较落后,审评审批体制不顺,机制不合理”等问题依然突出。

“以目前的审评速度,中国患者要吃上已经研发好的药,光拿批准文号我们等过16年。”这段经历始终是程增江心头的阴霾,“实在太慢了!”

程增江是一家药品研发机构的负责人。而像这样对中国新药审批慢的不满情绪,在药品行业早已成为一个公开的话题。

在中国,新药审批主要分为两个流程,即新药临床试验审批和新药生产审批。

根据食药监总局公开的数据显示,2014年,中国1.1类新药、3.1类新药及6类新药的平均审评时间为42个月、42个月和25个月,申报临床的平均审评时间为14个月、28个月和28个月。

相同情况下,2003年至2013年间,美国、欧盟、日本新药申报生产获批时间依次为304天、459天和487天。

为改变审批速度难题,2007年,食药监总局发布《药品注册管理办法》,对每个审批环节的时限作出规定,其中,新药临床试验审批的时间不得超过90天,新药生产审批需要150天的技术审评。

“但在实际操作中,被拖个几年再正常不过。”程增江介绍称,因为审批时限是从开始处理材料起算,“但是什么时候处理材料,就要看食药监局的安排了。”

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