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审批权下放到县 工作人员:还没弄明白 你们先等着吧

2016-05-09 07:18:42   人民日报

“吃拿”不见了,“卡要”仍存在。

此次调查中,中小企业普遍反映,中央八项规定执行后,政府官员去企业都不吃饭、不收礼、甚至不喝水,“吃拿”基本消失了。可是,“卡要”现象并没有杜绝,一些企业每年的非营业性开支,即维护政商关系的支出往往占到销售收入的1.2%1.5%。一家小型企业,每年可能有上百万元用于“维护关系”。

“年初递上去材料,可能到下半年才批下来,你说企业还生产不生产?”一家企业说,不想等这么久,往往只能找人去“疏通”。

一些企业还反映,我国法律法规中罚款额度弹性较大,也为有关部门“卡要”提供了机会。“不少法规里罚单额度从2万元至50万元,执法尺度与关系亲疏程度相关,不利于公平竞争和企业减负。”河南一家企业负责人说。

降低制度性交易成本亟待政府出手

降低制度性交易成本是渡过难关、争取中国经济更好未来的关键所在

要真正降低企业的制度性交易成本,不仅应当把权往下放,同时也要减权、削权

一些评估、认证、检测等中介服务名目过多、频率过密、收费偏高,希望能“合并同类项”

降成本,需要企业迎难而上,却也不是完全靠企业自身就能完成的。

北京大学国家发展研究院教授周其仁分析,包括法定经营成本、企业对潜在机会做出反应的成本,以及企业抓机会获得关键要素的成本在内的体制机制性成本,正让市场主体获得关键要素的过程艰难而漫长。“降低制度性交易成本,政府要有所作为,要创造让企业和市场发挥作用的良好制度环境。”

中国企业研究院首席研究员李锦认为,降低制度性交易成本,在很大程度上是政府对自己“动刀”的过程。本届政府先后多次取消和下放行政审批事项,推行商事制度改革、营改增等等。“应当进一步转变政府职能,加快建设服务型政府,切实把企业成本降下来。”

营造良好制度环境,企业期盼加大力度做减法,变“放权”为“减权”

浙江、河南的多家企业表示,要真正降低企业的制度性交易成本,不仅应当把权往下放,同时也要减权、削权。“‘削’掉一些不必要的权力,抹掉一些不必要的审批,这样的‘简政减权’才能真正给企业松绑。”

企业呼吁,“减”的力度要加大,让每一家企业真正感受到成本的下降。比如,3年来有关部门取消或下放行政审批事项约600项,据测算每年减轻企业和群众负担近千亿元。一些企业反映,这千亿元的负担平摊到7000多万市场主体上,每家企业减负约为千元左右。“能否力度再大一些?”

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