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教育部副部长:家庭教育法草案正在起草

2016-03-12 11:19:45    京华时报

果家长不负责任,一定要有一些可操作的法律措施,比如可以借鉴西方的举措,安排专人对监护人进行巡视监督,或者招募有条件、有爱心、有能力的人担任监护人等。

 热点问答

1 我国家庭教育存在哪些问题?

约八成家长缺家庭教育知识

今年两会,全国妇联提交了《关于将制定出台〈家庭教育促进条例〉纳入国务院法制办立法规划的提案》,建议国务院法制办将制定《家庭教育促进条例》纳入立法规划,并尽快出台。

全国政协委员、全国妇联前党组成员张静告诉记者,制定出台家庭教育促进条例,将家庭教育纳入法制化发展轨道具有重要意义。

她说,基于多年的工作经历和相关调研,她发现,面对社会转型、家庭变迁、教育变革的外部环境,我国家庭教育面临诸多不容忽视的问题和新的挑战。

全国妇联最新开展的调查显示,多数父母存在不同程度的养育焦虑,近50%的家长不知道用什么方法教育孩子。另据相关调查显示,约八成的家长表示“缺乏相关知识和经验借鉴”,仅有三成家长认真学习过有关子女品行教育、亲子关系等知识,对于家庭教育的特点、规律、方法了解较少,“80后”独生子女家长对如何养育多子女的问题束手无策,倍感困惑等。

2 为什么要对家庭教育立法?

立法确认家庭教育法律地位

张静表示,在调研中他们发现,家长接受家庭教育指导服务的愿望十分强烈,但现有家庭教育服务资源匮乏,监督管理也不规范。

在张静看来,家庭教育不仅是家庭的私事,更是具有公共利益的社会公共事务。由于家长责任缺失、监管不力,危害儿童生存发展甚至生命的事件时有发生,在法律层面对没有履行监护人责任的家长缺乏有效制约。现行法律法规中也没有对家庭教育中政府的主导责任作出明确规定,政府在家庭教育工作中责任缺失现象较为普遍,没有真正形成齐抓共管的工作格局。

全国妇联就家庭教育问题进行的公众调查数据显示,家庭教育立法的呼声强烈,74.3%的人认为有必要或非常有必要通过法律来规范家庭教育服务和管理工作。张静说,学校教育、社会教育的法律地位都已通过立法得以确认,我们亟待通过专门法规明确家庭教育的法律地位,明确政府、社会、学校、家庭在家庭教育中的责任义务。

3 家庭教育法应当遵循什么原则?

家庭教育法应坚持儿童优先

在张静看来,通过立法促进家庭教育已成为社会共识。近年来,部分国家和地区制定了相关法律,明确了家庭教育实施策略。我国重庆、贵州、辽宁省鞍山市妇联目前已将推动制定家庭教育促进条例列入当地人大立法计划,江西、天津、吉林等地也启动立法调研工作。

全国妇联的提案建议,制定家庭教育促进条例应坚持儿童优先与全面发展的原则,坚持政府主导和社会共同参与的原则。条例的主要内容包括:家庭教育的界定,家庭

教育的基本原则,家庭教育的工作机制,家庭教育的特别措施及法律责任。应针对留守流动、流浪儿童以及残疾、家庭困难儿童等,规定特别措施,提供更有针对性的指导、支持和服务。明确违反相关法律规范应承担的法律责任,以保障本条例实施效果。

京华时报记者 张晓鸽

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