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继中巴经济走廊,外媒又炒作中国介入印巴水资源战

2017-05-23 08:25:10   新华网

截图来自印度邮报

印媒恶意炒作中巴水利合作项目

据印度媒体第一邮报(First Post)5月18日刊文称,由于中国的大坝建设热潮,印度担忧水资源安全问题是合理的,应该采取相应行动。文章称,中巴签署的水利合作备忘录包括在印度河上游、巴控克什米尔境内修建迪阿莫—巴沙(Diamer-Bhasha)和邦基(Bunji)两座水电站。印度声称该地区为印度主权所有,并称这一行为向印度敲响新的警钟。早在2015年,中国在巴控克什米尔地区开始修建一座1100兆瓦的水电站——科哈拉(Kohala)水电站时,印度曾表达过类似的担忧和抗议。

据悉,巴沙大坝高272米,装机容量为4500兆瓦,建成后将是世界上最高的碾压混凝土重力坝。邦基大坝高190米,装机容量为7100兆瓦。这两座超大型水电站预计总成本为270亿美元,被视为“一带一路”倡议下中巴经济走廊的延伸项目。中国长江三峡集团公司将对这个项目出资500亿美元。

第一邮报文章称,上周六(20日)印度公开反对中巴水利合作谅解备忘录,认为这个庞大项目会使生态环境遭到破坏,并再次拿中巴经济走廊说事。

文章引述印度社会活动人士的话称,尽管中国工程师在建造巨型水坝方面拥有丰富的专业知识,但这些水利项目对环境影响并没有被放在公开场合讨论。印度环保活动者Himanshu Thakkar指出,巨型大坝将改变这个地区的微型气候。他认为,水坝建设将大规模砍伐森林,疏散成千上万家庭,环保人士正在研究印度离水坝泛滥区有多近,何况中国正在推进的大坝项目是在领土争议地区。

贾瓦哈拉尔尼赫鲁大学(Jawaharlal Nehru University)名誉教授Vikram Soni则表示,中国工程师选择在这个特殊地区建造水电站是因为印度河有46%来自雪水融化,常年流经高山地区,水流速度极快;中国缺乏能源,已与巴基斯坦达成协议,这两座大坝所产生的电力将提供给自己使用。

迪阿莫-巴沙大坝位置示意图

文章还称,印度曾多次对中国在雅鲁藏布江上的水利工程表示忧虑和不满,例如2015年投入使用的藏木水电站,包括另外三座正在建设中的大坝,大古(dagu)、加查(jiacha)和介绪(jeixv)。

印度水利部部长Uma Bharti表示,对中国的这些水利工程项目持保留意见,她认为这会印度和孟加拉带来影响。一个跨部门成立的专家小组则对这些建造在离中印边境500公里的大坝建设表示不乐观。

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