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中泰铁路再生变 泰方:友谊项目望中方别赚利润

2016-04-23 09:38:08   环球网

对于SPV的出资比例,双方就中方出资60%或者70%的不同方案进行了谈判。在泰方看来,这一项目作为中国“一带一路”战略的重要组成部分,中方应该承担绝大部分的投资。

但在要求中方承担更大投资额的同时,泰国又不愿意出让沿线的开发权。阿空坦言泰国选择成为独立投资者是因为它无法向中方提供其他优惠条件,包括沿线开发的权利。

对于2%的优惠利率,泰国的参照是中国参与建设的印尼从雅加达至万隆的高铁项目。“泰国与印尼雅万高铁相比,但后者包括了土地经营开发权,在这方面泰国并没有给予。”中国社会科学院亚太与全球战略研究院研究员许利平对《财经》记者表示。在雅万高铁项目中,中方提供了2%的贷款利率,但两国企业联合体也得到了高铁沿线的土地开发权。

不再谋求中国的资金支持之后,泰国将通过借款来筹措资金。“泰国有借款余地。”阿空说。泰国驻华大使醍乐·倪勇对《财经》记者表示,在融资来源方面,泰国对所有人持开放态度。他说,如果中方的出价足够吸引人,泰国还是会向中方借钱。

在许利平看来,通过宣布独立融资,巴育更多地是在释放信号,希望在谈判中获得更多筹码。

最终的结果仍有待协商。“我们会争取尽快敲定,因为我们打算在今年8月开始动工。”醍乐·倪勇说。他没有透露新一轮谈判何时举行,但称会很快。

新旧路线

中泰铁路合作项目始于英拉政府时期。2013年10月,在中国国务院总理李克强访问泰国期间,中泰双方签署了被称为“高铁换大米”的协议。但次年5月,泰国政局发生变动,英拉下台,巴育接任总理,中泰高铁项目也一度被搁置。

直到2014年12月,中泰双方在两国总理的见证下签署了《中泰铁路合作谅解备忘录》,开启了两国铁路合作新的进程。

在此后一年多的时间里,双方展开了密集的谈判,就中泰铁路合作项目的细节展开磋商。仅在2015年,中泰铁路合作联合委员会就分别在中国和泰国举行了九次会议。

规划中的路线全长约860公里,呈“人”字形,贯穿泰国南北。它北起泰国东北部重要口岸廊开,一路向南,经乌隆府、孔敬府、呵叻府,东南方向至泰国南部工业重镇罗勇府港口玛塔卜,西南方向至泰国首都曼谷,一共途经泰国10个府。

目前泰国铁路均采用米轨,列车时速仅为50公里。中泰铁路将是泰国首条标准轨铁路,设计时速180公里,预留时速250公里的提速条件,将全部使用中国技术、标准和装备。

中铁建东南亚公司总经理朱锡均在去年表示,中泰铁路建成运营之后,每年或将为泰国增加200万中国游客,泰国的农产品出口将更加便利,泰国作为东盟交通枢纽的地位也会得到进一步巩固。

巴育曾表示中泰铁路合作项目具有历史意义,必须确保在2015年10月如期开工建设。但直到去年12月,项目的启动仪式才正式举行。在泰国大城府邦芭茵县清惹克侬火车站,中国国务委员王勇、国家发改委副主任王晓涛、泰国副总理巴金、交通部长阿空出席了仪式。王勇宣读了李克强的贺信,巴金宣读了巴育的贺信。

一位应邀参加启动仪式的人士对《财经》记者表示,当天举行的并非开工仪式。在启动仪式举行之际,双方仍未就合作的具体细节达成一致,在谈判中僵持不下的地方包括贷款利率、对成本的估算等。

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