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中泰铁路再生变 泰方:友谊项目望中方别赚利润

2016-04-23 09:38:08   环球网

中泰铁路路线图。资料图

泰国参照中国参与建设的印尼雅万高铁项目,要求2%的优惠利率但不愿意出让沿线开发权。明年大选来临,民选政府是否会继续推进这一项目是未知数。

《财经》记者江玮/文

魔鬼在细节中。经历了一年多的谈判,中国与泰国的铁路合作项目在细节上仍未达成一致。出于对贷款利率、成本等因素的考虑,泰国近日宣布将自己负担资金,不再寻求中国的资金支持,原定的路线也随之缩短。

修改后的路线将只包括从泰国首都曼谷至东北部城市呵叻一段。这段铁路全长250公里,还不到此前规划路线的三分之一,终点呵叻距离泰国与老挝的边境仍有大约400公里。按照此前的方案,这条铁路将一路延伸至泰国与老挝的边境廊开,与正在建设中的中老铁路相连后,经老挝磨丁和中国磨憨可以抵达昆明。

2015年底,两国代表曾在泰国中部大城府举行了中泰铁路合作项目启动仪式。但时隔三个月后,这一项目又再生变数。

泰国驻华大使醍乐·倪勇对《财经》记者表示,中泰铁路合作仍有细节待敲定。他说,如果中方能提供好的出价,泰方仍会考虑使用中方的资金。

“原则未变,我们还要推动这个铁路项目。”醍乐·倪勇说。两国政府也达成共识,即这一项目将在泰国本届政府内动工。

谈判胶着点

据知情人士向《财经》记者透露,今年3月,在海南三亚举行的澜沧江-湄公河合作首次领导人会议期间,泰国总理巴育在与中国国务院总理李克强的双边会谈中,就中泰铁路项目进行了讨论。

会谈结束后,巴育对外宣布了泰方将独立融资的消息。在去年12月,巴育还曾就这一项目的融资安排说:“如果我们能实现100%的投资自然是好事,我们就不用和他人分享利润。但我们没有这么一大笔钱,所以我们需要合资。”

在返回泰国接受记者采访时,巴育表示,中方对泰方的决定没有意见。

中泰双方原定今年5月就项目的投资形式、建设成本和贷款利率作出最终决定,然后开始动工。但谈判的进展似乎并不顺利,为了打破僵局,泰国宣布了这个让外界感到有些意外的消息。

在贷款利率上,泰国对中方提议的2.5%利率并不满意,希望中国给予的优惠利率能低至2%。

泰国追求的是贷款利率和项目成本的“友情价”。泰国交通部长阿空在接受新加坡《海峡时报》记者采访时表示,中泰铁路合作项目是连接该地区的一个重要政府间项目,也是为了纪念中泰两国建交40周年。“这正是我们为何对中方说,这是一个友谊项目,所以不要赚取任何利润。”

双方对于成本的估算也有不同版本。中方预估的造价超过5000亿泰铢(约合142亿美元),泰方给出的数字是4000亿泰铢(约合113.6亿美元)。

分歧还体现在泰方提议的合资企业股份结构。根据此前的谈判,项目将采取工程总承包(EPC)的形式,但后来讨论的方案也包括成立一个特殊目的载体(SPV)。泰国参与的缅甸土瓦经济特区开发项目也采用了这一形式。

责任编辑:柯旺 CN044
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