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我的爷爷耀先中将:新中国第一代歼击机飞行员

2017-05-04 14:10:37   

抗美援朝结束后,耀先载誉而归,继续担负着保卫祖国领的任务,并逐步走上了团以上领导岗位。1954年9月,耀先任飞行团长,后来又升任副师长、师长、副军长。他所经历的一个个职务勾勒出一名飞行员坚实而辉煌的成长轨迹,其间充满着耀先对飞行事业的热爱和追求,也饱含着他几十年来一门心思扑在飞行事业上,为此不断发展而付出的汗水和艰辛。

20世纪70年代,耀先奉命到兰州军区空军任副司令员。由于“文革"的影响,飞行部队连空中实弹射击都停止了。1980年,耀先在全区范围内组织空中实弹射击比赛,结果平均命中率较低,他找出其根本原因是干部教员教学水平低。针对这种状况,耀先亲自组织空中射击水平较好的干部教员,于1981年夏天在银川机场进行培训,经过50多天的艰苦努力,取得了5次考核命中率提高到44%,以后部队普训时命中率均有大幅度的提高。特别令耀先欣慰的是还培养了一批教员,有的调到外区任职竟成为最受欢迎的飞行员。

怎样有效地提高飞行员在复杂气象条件下的训练水平?耀先经过反复总结经验和科学论证后,向空军首次提出战斗机暗舱仪表直线着陆、“穿云”下降飞行、过远距导航台再打开暗舱罩的训练方法。在飞行训练中,如果飞行员驾机着陆却突然遇到天气变坏,能见度差,又没有备降场可供降落,就得强行着陆。这种情况下,飞行员仪表飞行技术基础好,就能凭飞机仪表安全着陆,否则就有可能出问题。报经空军批准后,耀先在西北银川机场亲自组织试飞,取得成功。实践证明,这一训练方法,对提高训练效益和飞行员在复杂气象条件下的着陆技术,以及机动作战能力,都有明显的成效。后来,其训练内容已被上级机关正式编入飞行训练大纲,在部队推广普及。

时隔不久,在飞行训练正规化的试点工作中,耀先摸索总结飞行训练四个阶段组织指挥、工程机务、后勤保障、思想政治工作正规化细则,先后在兰州和北京军区空军所属航空兵部队和飞行学院推广,形成了一整套行之有效的实施制度,使飞行训练现场井然有序,促进了飞行训练质量的提高和飞行安全的落实。

有一个参加过抗美援朝和国土防空作战的老部队,从内地调西北10年后飞行事故连续不断,特别是飞行员一遇到险情就慌忙跳伞,上级首长批评这个部队成了“伞兵”。耀先在军区空军领导的支持下,经过深入部队基层了解情况,制定了整改的具体措施。经过上下3年的艰苦奋斗,这个有着光荣传统的老部队又恢复了活力,受到上级的表扬和称赞。耀先深有感触地说:“部队还是要靠领导带,领导得力就能带出过硬的部队,就能使后进变成先进。”

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