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——实际上,应为南京大屠杀负责的战犯,至少还应包括军一级的“上海派遣军”司令官朝香宫鸠彦中将、第10军司令官柳川平助中将和师团级的第16师团长中岛今朝吾中将三人。1937年12月5日,朝香宫鸠彦到达前线司令部后,曾发出一连串由他本人盖章签署的命令,上面标有“机密,阅后销毁”字样,命令十分简单:“杀掉全部俘虏。”中岛今朝吾则在12月13日的日记中记载:“由于方针是大体不要俘虏,故决定将其全部解决。”作为全军有组织按计划实施的大规模屠杀,没有方面军司令官和军司令官的同意和支持是绝对不可想象的。虽然笔者尚未看到中国政府要求引渡此三人来南京接受审判的史料,但是确信当时以梅汝璈、石美瑜为代表的东京、南京两地中国法官们,通过扎实的调查工作确认了其罪证。令人切齿痛恨的是,因为美国为在战后利用日本,确定日本皇族不列入战犯追究罪责,使得作为日本天皇裕仁叔叔的朝香宫鸠彦脱罪,而柳川平助和中岛今朝吾二人因均于1945年病死,逃脱了中国人民的审判。

南京大屠杀其他罪魁(左起):松井石根、朝香宫鸠彦、柳川平助。

第16师团长中岛今朝吾曾亲手以中国战俘试斩,劈杀二人。

中岛今朝吾(右)与第30旅团长佐佐木到一。
所幸,松井石根和谷寿夫二人伏法,印证了中国古训“天网恢恢,疏而不漏”。尤其是谷寿夫被引渡中国、在其犯罪地南京雨花台处决,让国人稍解心头之恨,让30万遇难同胞的冤魂得以告慰。
二、物证由来及考证
我所搜藏的这件谷寿夫手书卷轴,高约150厘米,宽50厘米,用带花纹的黄色绫子装裱,尺幅似为中堂。宣纸上书写着“勇跃破南京城”六个繁体汉字行草大字,左下方为落款“寿夫”二字,其下为其本人的“花押”。所谓“花押”,是中国唐朝创造的一种个性化签名方式,一般使用特殊的笔迹及符号,不易模仿,可以代替印章作为书画作品钤记,相当于今天的“防伪标识”。作为一种文化形式,在平安时代中期传入日本后广为流行。我最初在日本雅虎网看到这件物品,首先就是从这个花押断定其真伪的。
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