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刘伯承在大别山巧设口袋阵:歼敌后满山拣烧饼

2016-12-09 14:33:59   

进入大别山后,刘伯承司令员亲自翻山越岭察看地形,选择战场。这是高山铺战役前夕,刘伯承登上浠水三角山顶看地形。

1947年夏,刘邓大军主力千里长驱,直入大别山,把战争引向国民党统治区,揭开了人民解放军由战略防御转入战略进攻的序幕。蒋介石急忙调集重兵追堵,企图乘我立足未稳予以“聚歼”。

10月初,蒋介石在大别山北麓集结7个整编师,对我军进行合围,而在山南地区仅留少部兵力守备。针对这一情况,刘、邓留2个旅在商城、罗山地区伪装主力迷惑敌人;野战军主力则乘虚南下,克黄安(今红安)、占武穴,横扫长江北岸300余里。江北的隆隆炮声使蒋介石异常惊恐,误以为刘、邓主力即将南渡长江,慌忙调兵围堵,其中以整编第40师及整编第52师82旅由浠水沿公路向广济兼程前进,向我侧背进攻。

敌整编第40师原为第40军,是蒋介石西北军的“精锐”部队,全部美式装备。该敌自豫北一路跟至大别山,充当了“追剿军”的急先锋。当时,我南下大军连续行军极度疲劳,非战斗减员严重。部队为便于机动,重武器和车辆已掩埋或炸毁。故该敌更加骄狂,进入鄂东后孤军冒进,尾我第1纵队不放。

刘、邓决定抓住战机,集中10个旅伏歼该敌。为选择有利地形作战,55岁的刘帅亲自登上鄂东三角山勘察地形险要,决定在敌必经的、地形对我有利的蕲春县高山铺以东峡谷地带设一个“口袋阵”,杀它一个“回马枪”,在运动中歼灭这股顽敌。

野战军司令部以第1、第6纵队为第一梯队,由1纵司令员杨勇、政治委员苏振华统一指挥,1纵在高山铺的南、东、北三面占领制高点,布成袋形阵地;6纵尾敌跟进,从后面捅上一刀,扎紧口袋;中原独立旅诱敌钻进“口袋阵”;2纵为预备队;3纵4个团进至广济以东待机,主力在皖西钳制桂系2个师。

10月26日拂晓,天上下起了毛毛细雨,中原独立旅派出小分队扮成游击队,沿公路边打边退,引诱、迟滞敌人。小分队精心设计的“老套筒”“破三八”“汉阳造”杂乱枪声,和破烂的杂色衣着,混乱的行军队形,使敌人确信这是小股游击队,遂放松警惕,大摇大摆地沿公路前进。

1旅接到纵队命令时,全旅高度分散,一时难以集中。部队自进入敌占区腹地以来,无后方依托,所有物资补给都要靠自己解决。当时,1旅正在广济方圆数十里区域发动群众、筹集粮款和部队急需的冬衣。旅长杨俊生令旅司令部迅速用电台、骑传、军号通知部队向高山铺疾军,部队边走边集中、边走边动员。

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