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全民公决,1935年1月萨尔重回德国;同时德国军队开进非军事区莱茵兰,从而违背了《凡尔赛和约》,继而退出国联。在国际上受到谴责,可在国内却受到大众的普遍欢迎。1938年进而吞并奥地利,德国人认为这是实现了1848年革命的理想,把希特勒看成是实现民族统一的伟大英雄。当希特勒在维也纳英雄广场高声宣称:“我们先人九十年前为之奋斗和流血的事业,而今终于完成了!”整个民族都为之欢呼雀跃。
纳粹掌权的初始阶段,一直实施外紧内松的政策。1937年盖世太保把行政人员计算在内不足七千人,要监视六千万人。绝大多数的人是根本用不着监视的。希特勒上台伊始便以霹雳手段镇压反对派,在这最初的恐怖之后,直至1936年底,也就是集中营建立了近四年之后,也只关押了四千七百六十一人,这当中还包括刑事犯和酗酒者。
纳粹要在德国人内部建立“人民共同体”,希望开创这样一个环境:使一个人的生活道路、职业选择和社会声望尽可能少地受社会出身的影响。在经历了内战、阶级斗争和政党倾轧的时代后,这样的“共同体”抑或“大家庭”来得正逢其时。它很快便超越了狭隘的政党界限,动摇了德国内部反对派的基础。墨索里尼将其称为“民主极权主义”。
纳粹宣传,一战之所以失败,是由于布尔什维克主义给了“背后一刀”,破坏了内部团结。他们反对犹太人是为了自卫。“世界犹太人集团”正以三重身份征服世界:“一是犹太人,二是与犹太人勾结的财阀,三是犹太化布尔什维克。”为掠夺、剥夺和残杀犹太人大造舆论。首先给犹太人戴上“人民的异类”和“人民的敌人”的帽子,然后百般刁难他们,致使他们“被自愿”地或者被迫地交出财产和产业,完成犹太人财产“雅利安化”或者说“国有化”的进程。到了1938年,对延误者对抗者就开始使用暴力了。纳粹的财政专家们竭泽而渔,为了弥补财政上的亏空,又想出“犹太人赎罪金”的怪招,为缴纳赎罪金,犹太人出卖住房、证券和公债。这十亿帝国马克的赎罪金转化成全民所有,全体德意志人所有,“用于所有德国民众的福祉”。纳粹得意洋洋地说:“赎罪金法规在民众中广受欢迎。”
在战争期间,“元首”希特勒以及纳粹大大小小的头目们,总结分析了一战时期德国内部团结遭到破坏的原因,所以每时每刻都在关心着社情民意,掌控予取予夺大权,用来收买人心。目的只有一个,那就是建立一个任何时候都有多数人支持的专政。战时食品分配立足于公正,确保马克币值稳定,照顾军属,不增加弱势群体的战争负担,凡加班必有加班费,加班费免税,以期一个稳定的后方。
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