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毛泽东筹划用武力解放台湾为何没能实现?
2016-10-11 15:13:43 何立波 中国共产党新闻网
1956年10月3日下午,毛泽东推迟了与印尼总统苏加诺会见的时间,专门接见了曹聚仁,并作了长谈。毛泽东与曹聚仁谈到了台湾问题,具体阐述了中共“和平解放”的新方针新政策,希望曹聚仁把话传到台湾去。曹聚仁回港后积极给蒋经国写信的事实,也印证了毛泽东和他谈话的意图。但是台湾方面对曹聚仁的来信,没有任何积极答复。
1956年春,在周恩来的具体安排下,章士钊带着中共中央给蒋介石的信来到香港,会见了国民党驻香港负责文宣工作、主持《香港时报》的许孝炎。许孝炎立即从香港飞往台北,亲手将信交给蒋介石,并将他与章士钊的会谈情况向蒋作了详尽报告。蒋介石展开中共中央的信件反复看了几遍,沉默无语,没有作任何表示。1957年初,经过一年的考虑,蒋介石突然召许孝炎回台北,让他推荐人选。许孝炎考虑再三,提出三个人:曾任“立法院长”的童冠贤、曾任“立法院秘书长”的陈克山和“立法委员”宋宜山。蒋介石反复权衡后,选中了宋宜山。宋宜山的哥哥为原国民党被俘将领宋希濂,时在大陆功德监狱服刑。派他回大陆,可以借探亲的名义掩人耳目。1957年4月,宋宜山从香港入境,经广州乘火车抵北京。周恩来亲自会见了宋宜山,阐明和平解放台湾的具体政策:一是国共两党通过对等谈判,实现和平统一;二是台湾作为中国政府统辖下的自治区,实行高度自治;三是台湾政务仍由蒋介石领导,中央不派人前往干预;四是美军撤离台湾,不允许外国干涉中国内政。
何立波
推荐至人民微博: 用户名: 密码: 看看微博 朝鲜停战协定签署,毛泽东认为是该解决台湾问题的时候了。10月,毛泽东在中央军委会议上说:“朝鲜停战了,我们身上的担子一下轻了很多……这两年,我们那位在台湾的蒋先生趁我们抗美援朝无暇他顾之际,仗着有‘山姆大叔’撑腰,很是兴风作浪,在那里做反攻大陆的美梦哩!我们现在已经可以腾出手来了,我看该集中力量去解决台湾的问题了。”
9月,刘少奇在“八大”上作政治报告时指出:“我们愿意用和平谈判方式,使台湾重新回到祖国怀抱,而避免使用武力。如果不得已而使用武力,那是在和平谈判丧失了可能性,或者是在和平谈判失败以后。”10月,毛泽东在一次谈话中明确表示:“台湾可以派人来大陆看看,公开不好来可以秘密来。”台湾回归祖国以后,“一切可以照旧”,“可以实行三民主义,可以同大陆通商”。他表示:“谈好了,可以订个协议公布。”毛泽东还指出:“台湾只要与美断绝关系,可派代表回来参加人民代表大会和政协全国委员会。”周恩来就蒋氏父子等人的人事安排作了具体的说明。
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