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毛泽东筹划用武力解放台湾为何没能实现?

2016-10-11 15:13:43   何立波 中国共产党新闻网

和平解放台湾的政策是党中央、毛泽东制定的,正式对外宣布和第一个公开提出并阐述,是由周恩来完成的。1955年5月,周恩来在第一届全国人大常委会第十五次会议上提出:中国人民解放台湾有两种可能的方式,即战争的方式和和平的方式,中国人民愿意在可能条件下,争取用和平的方式解放台湾。这是中国政府第一次正式、公开地提出和平解放台湾的主张。1956年1月25日,毛泽东在第六次最高国务会议上提出:“凡是能够团结的,愿意站在我们队伍的人,都要团结起来,不管他过去是做什么的。比如台湾,那里还有一堆人,他们如果是站在爱国主义立场,如果愿意来,不管个别的也好,部分的也好,集体的也好,我们都要欢迎他们为我们的共同目标奋斗。”周恩来随即在2月初的全国政协二届二次会议上首次提出“为争取和平解放台湾、实现祖国的完全统一而斗争”的口号。

何立波

推荐至人民微博: 用户名: 密码:  看看微博    朝鲜停战协定签署,毛泽东认为是该解决台湾问题的时候了。10月,毛泽东在中央军委会议上说:“朝鲜停战了,我们身上的担子一下轻了很多……这两年,我们那位在台湾的蒋先生趁我们抗美援朝无暇他顾之际,仗着有‘山姆大叔’撑腰,很是兴风作浪,在那里做反攻大陆的美梦哩!我们现在已经可以腾出手来了,我看该集中力量去解决台湾的问题了。”

1956年2月4日,《人民日报》发表社论《为和平的解放台湾而奋斗》。4月,毛泽东进一步提出了“和为贵”、“爱国不分先后,以诚相见、来去自由”等政策主张。7月29日,经毛泽东审阅的中共中央《关于加强和平解放台湾工作的指示》明确提出:“目前对和平解放台湾的工作,应采取多方影响,积极并且耐心争取的方针。工作重点应放在争取台湾实力派及有代表性的人物方面。这就是通过各种线索,采取多样方法,争取以蒋氏父子、陈诚为首的台湾高级军政官员,以便台湾将来整个归还祖国。”

1956年夏,一位神秘人物的到来,引起了毛泽东、周恩来等中央领导人的浓厚兴趣。他,就是曹聚仁。曹聚仁,我国现代著名作家、学者、记者和杰出的爱国文化人士。他早年曾在赣州帮助蒋经国办过《正气日报》,与鲁迅、周作人兄弟交往甚密,与海峡两岸的不少重要人物都有交往。1956年到1959年,曹聚仁多次受邀回大陆采访,毛泽东曾数次接见他,周恩来总理、陈毅副总理也多次接见他。

根据毛泽东的意见,周恩来、陈毅及张治中等先与曹聚仁会谈。1956年7月中旬,周恩来先后3次接见曹聚仁。周恩来指出:“国民党和共产党合作有过两次,第一次合作取得北伐战争的胜利,第二次合作取得抗战的胜利,为什么不可以有第三次合作呢?我们对台湾,绝不是招降,而是要彼此商谈。只要政权统一,其他都可以坐下来共同商量安排。”曹聚仁以周恩来谈话为题写成文章,发表在1956年8月14日的《南洋商报》上,正式向海外传递了国共可以第三次合作的信息,在海内外引起了强烈震动。

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